Stratodynamics http://www.stratodynamics.org/index.php?title=Main_Page MediaWiki 1.21.1 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Stratodynamics Stratodynamics talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk 0 27 105 104 2013-08-30T06:45:41Z Strato 2 /* Poster */ wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Raleigh L. Martin (*1), Prashant K. Purohit (2), Douglas J. Jerolmack (1) *raleighmartin@gmail.com 1. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Earth and Environmental Science 2. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics ==Abstract== In bed load sediment transport, particles follow trajectories that alternate between motion and rest. Knowing the distribution of waiting times – the durations of particles in the resting phase – is vital for relating particle tracer studies to bulk sediment motion and bed evolution. Here, we report on laboratory experiments to determine the origin of the tracer waiting time distribution. In the experiments, we tracked the evolution of bed of glass spheres, contained within confined (two-­‐ dimensional) channel, that were driven by a steady fluid stress and particle flux. We show that the granular bed evolution resembles an Ornstein-­‐Uhlenbeck (O-­‐U) process; i.e. an advection-­‐diffusion process with tendency to revert to a central value. Monte-­‐Carlo simulations of the O-­‐U process yield bed surface return times that closely follow the power-­‐law bed particle waiting time distribution. The O-­‐U process is determined by two parameters. The diffusion parameter increases linearly with particle flux, while the advection parameter is roughly constant for all experiments in our system. == Poster == [[File:BedEvolution Stratodynamics Poster.pdf]] 4d80dcf00a4aa45091f0d159df2eb2a2ceeac865 104 56 2013-08-30T06:44:37Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Raleigh L. Martin (*1), Prashant K. Purohit (2), Douglas J. Jerolmack (1) *raleighmartin@gmail.com 1. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Earth and Environmental Science 2. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics ==Abstract== In bed load sediment transport, particles follow trajectories that alternate between motion and rest. Knowing the distribution of waiting times – the durations of particles in the resting phase – is vital for relating particle tracer studies to bulk sediment motion and bed evolution. Here, we report on laboratory experiments to determine the origin of the tracer waiting time distribution. In the experiments, we tracked the evolution of bed of glass spheres, contained within confined (two-­‐ dimensional) channel, that were driven by a steady fluid stress and particle flux. We show that the granular bed evolution resembles an Ornstein-­‐Uhlenbeck (O-­‐U) process; i.e. an advection-­‐diffusion process with tendency to revert to a central value. Monte-­‐Carlo simulations of the O-­‐U process yield bed surface return times that closely follow the power-­‐law bed particle waiting time distribution. The O-­‐U process is determined by two parameters. The diffusion parameter increases linearly with particle flux, while the advection parameter is roughly constant for all experiments in our system. == Figures == [[File:BedEvolution Stratodynamics Poster.pdf]] 1b778b87947921dc1e2b351b623080edd84a291d 56 2013-08-29T02:41:34Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Raleigh L. Martin (*1), Prashant K. Purohit (2), Douglas J. Jerolmack (1) *raleighmartin@gmail.com 1. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Earth and Enviro..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Raleigh L. Martin (*1), Prashant K. Purohit (2), Douglas J. Jerolmack (1) *raleighmartin@gmail.com 1. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Earth and Environmental Science 2. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics ==Abstract== In bed load sediment transport, particles follow trajectories that alternate between motion and rest. Knowing the distribution of waiting times – the durations of particles in the resting phase – is vital for relating particle tracer studies to bulk sediment motion and bed evolution. Here, we report on laboratory experiments to determine the origin of the tracer waiting time distribution. In the experiments, we tracked the evolution of bed of glass spheres, contained within confined (two-­‐ dimensional) channel, that were driven by a steady fluid stress and particle flux. We show that the granular bed evolution resembles an Ornstein-­‐Uhlenbeck (O-­‐U) process; i.e. an advection-­‐diffusion process with tendency to revert to a central value. Monte-­‐Carlo simulations of the O-­‐U process yield bed surface return times that closely follow the power-­‐law bed particle waiting time distribution. The O-­‐U process is determined by two parameters. The diffusion parameter increases linearly with particle flux, while the advection parameter is roughly constant for all experiments in our system. deca0c747ae742b0d8edf67a5b9e8d2b64df05b3 0 15 44 2013-08-29T02:18:01Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Nobuhide Nishikawa and Tetsuji Muto Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University ==Abstracts== A series of 2D tank exper..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Nobuhide Nishikawa and Tetsuji Muto Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University ==Abstracts== A series of 2D tank experiments was conducted to explore how a river delta being fed bimodal grain-size sediment responds to non-uniform, basin water depths in the transverse direction. During each run, upstream water discharge, rate of sediment supply and base level were all kept constant. Sediment used was a 50:50 mixture of 0.1 mm and 0.9 mm quartz grains. A quite similar experiment was done previously but with 0.1 mm uniform sediment. Our experimental observations imply the presence of a particular feedback mechanism of delta distributary channels in response to differential bathymetry. When an active distributary channel empties into shallow water, a delta lobe rapidly extends in the offshore direction, but then in a relatively short period becomes inactive as the feeder channel migrates or avulses to another location. When an otherwise similar distributary channel empties into deep water, on the other hand, delta lobe progradation takes place only slowly, and it takes longer for the feeder channel to migrate to another location, whereby the delta can develop an isotropic shoreline configuration as a whole. Differential basement bathymetry can thus affect local residence time and avulsion frequency of active feeder channels. However, differential bathymetry does not function by itself, but always in combination with the profound effect of alluvial aggradation. These observations are substantially consistent with the existing notion, which was obtained from the uniform sediment experiment, suggesting that the compensational behavior of active distributary channels holds regardless of grain-size distribution of supplied sediment. 0a3f111bc963c9f62d4458e5e23d8d665f9fbf61 0 16 45 2013-08-29T02:20:16Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Nobuhide Nishikawa and Tetsuji Muto Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University ==Abstract== A series of 2D tank experi..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Nobuhide Nishikawa and Tetsuji Muto Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University ==Abstract== A series of 2D tank experiments was conducted to explore how a river delta being fed bimodal grain-size sediment responds to non-uniform, basin water depths in the transverse direction. During each run, upstream water discharge, rate of sediment supply and base level were all kept constant. Sediment used was a 50:50 mixture of 0.1 mm and 0.9 mm quartz grains. A quite similar experiment was done previously but with 0.1 mm uniform sediment. Our experimental observations imply the presence of a particular feedback mechanism of delta distributary channels in response to differential bathymetry. When an active distributary channel empties into shallow water, a delta lobe rapidly extends in the offshore direction, but then in a relatively short period becomes inactive as the feeder channel migrates or avulses to another location. When an otherwise similar distributary channel empties into deep water, on the other hand, delta lobe progradation takes place only slowly, and it takes longer for the feeder channel to migrate to another location, whereby the delta can develop an isotropic shoreline configuration as a whole. Differential basement bathymetry can thus affect local residence time and avulsion frequency of active feeder channels. However, differential bathymetry does not function by itself, but always in combination with the profound effect of alluvial aggradation. These observations are substantially consistent with the existing notion, which was obtained from the uniform sediment experiment, suggesting that the compensational behavior of active distributary channels holds regardless of grain-size distribution of supplied sediment. 1da584ecf81cbed8ce4744d8552dda89a37359c6 0 17 46 2013-08-29T02:24:45Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== A. Piliouras1, W. Kim1, and B. Carlson1 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas. piliouras@utexas.edu ==Abstract== ..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== A. Piliouras1, W. Kim1, and B. Carlson1 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas. piliouras@utexas.edu ==Abstract== Coastal areas are rapidly losing land due to subsidence and increasing rates of sea level rise. The Mississippi Delta has lost nearly 5000 km2 of land in the past century. As a result, Louisiana has planned to implement diversions of water and sediment from the main Mississippi River into the surrounding bay to attempt to build new land. In order to ensure the success of these diversion projects, we need to understand the factors controlling delta growth. We conducted a set of experiments in the Sediment Transport and Earth-surface Processes (STEP) Basin at the University of Texas at Austin to examine the effects of vegetation on delta growth and dynamics. One experiment was conducted without vegetation, and three were conducted using alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) as a proxy for riparian vegetation. Results indicate that vegetation increased sediment trapping on the delta topset, thus increasing delta slope and decreasing progradation as compared to the unvegetated experiment. Vegetated experiments also resulted in a lack of channelization when the topset reached ~20% plant cover, after which progradational delta lobes were no longer evident. A fourth vegetated experiment was conducted to account for flood intermittency and fluctuations in water and sediment fluxes over time, as they occur in nature. We found that floods carrying high sediment loads were net-depositional and resulted in almost complete erasure of channels. Lower discharge periods with near-zero sediment loads were highly erosive and worked to maintain channels while actively reworking the delta surface. Thus, low-flow discharge may be the formative discharge for river delta channels and the consideration of water and sediment discharge fluctuations is necessary to maintain flow paths on a vegetated delta. 97f8b17a0929ad00cf21d1b13f521e87361a6f62 0 18 47 2013-08-29T02:27:00Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Haruka KUSE, Norihiro IZUMI, and Adriano Coutinho de LIMA River & Watershed Engineering Laboratory Field Engineering for the Environment, Graduate School of En..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Haruka KUSE, Norihiro IZUMI, and Adriano Coutinho de LIMA River & Watershed Engineering Laboratory Field Engineering for the Environment, Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University E-mail : ajyasanjp0603@yahoo.co.jp ==Abstract== Various characteristic landscapes are observed especially at river mouths by combined effects of tide, wave and river flow. Among a variety of landscapes, tidal flats and marshes formed by tidal flow have been known to have an important role from an environmental point of view. Because of landfill and reclamation of coasts, area of tidal flats and marshes is decreasing everywhere in the world. In order to ensure the preservation of tidal flats and marshes, it is important to understand the formation process of tidal flats and marshes. The formation of tidal flats often accompanies the formation of complex channel networks (tidal creeks), and therefore it is considered that tidal creeks has an important role for the formation and development of tidal flats. Though there have been some studies on the formation of tidal creeks, there are still a large number of things left unclarified. In this study, we investigated the formation process of tidal channels and the effect of unidirectional river flow on the formation of tidal channels from an experimental point of view. The experimental apparatus consists of a part of a tidal flat (slope covered with vinyl chloride powder) and a part of deep ocean (basin). The part of the tidal flat is 4 m long and 5 m wide. We used vinyl chloride powder instead of natural sand in order to facilitate the movement of sediment. Tidal flow is generated by a tide generator. The tide generator and a depth probe are installed in the basin. A variety of tidal periods and amplitudes are obtained in this apparatus. Unidirectional river flow can also be generated by pump installed in the basin and the upstream end of the tidal flat. Vinyl chloride powder as sediment can be transported by tidal flow and river flow. We performed three different cases of experiments. The first series of experiments corresponds to the formation of tidal channels only by oscillatory tidal flow, the second series to that only by unidirectional river flow, and the third series to that by both tidal and river flows. The landscapes observed on the surface composed of vinyl chloride powder are photographed every few minutes. In all the three experimental cases, we observed tidal channel networks to be formed on the tidal flat. In the first series of experiments with only oscillatory tidal flow, we found spacing between channels to be approximately 30 cm, and found channels to meander. In the second series with only unidirectional river flow, we found spacing between channels to be approximately 160 cm, and channels to be linear. In the third series with both tidal and river flows, we found that spacing between channels were approximately 70 cm, and that channels were found to meander. These results suggest that unidirectional river flow tends to make channels more straight, and tends to increase spacing between channels. ccfc770bcb4632d5674deaadde021376f61f062c 0 19 48 2013-08-29T02:27:55Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== S. Sassa Port and Airport Research Institute, Japan sassa@ipc.pari.go.jp ==Abstract== Sandbars play an important role in beach stability since they reduce th..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== S. Sassa Port and Airport Research Institute, Japan sassa@ipc.pari.go.jp ==Abstract== Sandbars play an important role in beach stability since they reduce the energy of waves by breaking them, thereby preventing severe erosion. The persistent nature of intertidal sandbars was the subject of much speculation concerning the hydrodynamic mechanisms involved, but its origin remained enigmatic. We recently found on the basis of the geophysical evidence and theoretical modeling and analysis that the interplay between the effects of the dynamics of suction, i.e. negative pore water pressure relative to atmospheric air pressure, and sediment transport and morphology plays a crucial role in such intertidal sandbar morphodynamics. Here, we applied this new principle of the morphodynamic stability to a shallow sea reclamation project and further clarified this mechanism in light of artificially created sandbars in Tokyo Bay, Japan. We performed integrated observations and analyses of the morphological and geoenvironmental changes as well as the benthos diversity and geo-stratigraphy variations, combined with a series of laboratory soil tests. The results reveal the salient new geophysics concerning erosion and deposition in intertidal zones. Notably, the combined results demonstrate that in the morphodynamics processes where the sediments moved from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone, the feedback between the suction-dynamics induced cyclic contraction, strength gain and sediment transport became pronounced. Namely, the sediment relative density at the bar crest increased to as high as 80% and this caused the surface shear strength to develop beyond three-fold magnitudes there. As a consequence, the morphological changes due to repeated erosion and deposition became markedly suppressed, yielding the distinctly stable sandbars under severe wave and current conditions which would otherwise lead to unstable bar behavior without the effects of the suction dynamics. This is also verified by the numerical analysis accounting for the feedback between the sediment transport and the suction-dynamics effects. The stable geomorphology also gave rise to a significant enhancement in the biodiversity in the field. On the basis of these results, we propose an optimal design of such dynamically stable sandbars which could effectively contribute to disaster mitigation as well as diverse ecological activity in intertidal zones. 2bd39ecab9dd60dbaa02109b56d7befde6174c03 0 20 49 2013-08-29T02:29:44Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Naofumi Yamaguchi Center for Water Environment Studies, Ibaraki University naofumiy@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp ==Abstract== A numerical experiment was performed to i..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Naofumi Yamaguchi Center for Water Environment Studies, Ibaraki University naofumiy@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp ==Abstract== A numerical experiment was performed to investigate the relationship between submarine topography formed by wave erosion and relative sea-level change. The experiments simulated the development of submarine topography under the postglacial sea-level rise during the last 20,000 years by means of the sea-level model of Sunamura (1978). The mathematical model used in this study is based on hypothesis that the erosion rate depends on the assailing force of waves at the cliff base in relation to the resisting force of rocks, as with the previous studies (e.g. Sunamura, 1977; Trenhaile, 2000). This model also includes the effect of wave attenuation depending on width of the surf zone. The offshore wave condition was constant during each run. The result of the experiment suggests that submarine terrace divided by relatively steep slope develops during the early stage of sea-level rise, despite the lack of rapid change of relative sea level and offshore wave condition. This autogenic submarine terrace is caused by an interaction between widening of the surf zone associated with cliff recession and consequential wave attenuation at the cliff base. 0d6958ece21a3ac3ab1e07ddced328d5306a839b 0 21 50 2013-08-29T02:30:49Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Wonsuck Kim1 1Department of Geological Sciences and Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, ..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Wonsuck Kim1 1Department of Geological Sciences and Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA delta@jsg.utexas.edu ==Abstract== Differential loading induced deformation of a mobile substrate (e.g., salt tectonics) is an important process for the development of accommodation space and stratigraphic architectures in intra-slope minibasins. Numerous studies of minibasin systems have focused on either the tectonic processes involved in salt body deformation or the stratigraphic interpretation of the sediment deposits filled in minibasins. However, this study focuses on coevolution of depositional and tectonic processes to investigate the link between tectonic evolution and the stratigraphic patterns. Using a silicone polymer to model a viscous mobile substrate, a series of 2D experiments were conducted to explore the effects of variation in 1) sedimentation rate, 2) depositional style (intermittent sediment supply), and 3) the thickness of the deformable salt substrate on subsidence patterns and minibasin stratigraphic development. Experimental results indicated that larger initial thickness of salt substrate as well as lower sedimentation rate caused greater amounts of subsidence for a given amount of deposit. Furthermore, increase in subsidence rate was observed as sedimentation continued, while decrease in subsidence rate occurred once sedimentation ceased. These acceleration and deceleration of subsidence were attenuated even with sediment supply event cycles of the same magnitude. Due to these linked depositional and tectonic processes, higher sediment supply resulted in relatively slower subsidence of the depositional center for given sedimentation and thus increased the planform size of minibasin, whereas lower sediment supply sedimentation led to a narrow minibasin formation because relatively longer time allowed for salt substrate to respond to the overburdened minibasin deposit. c95f5f1dd47f7058633f3145db38b65e4148cdd0 0 22 51 2013-08-29T02:33:28Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Kazuno Arai1, Hajime Naruse2, Kiichiro Kawamura3, Tomohisa Irino4, Ken Ikehara5, Yu Saitoh6, Masafumi Murayama6, Ryo Miura7, Ryota Hino8, Yoshihiro Ito8, Daisuke ..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kazuno Arai1, Hajime Naruse2, Kiichiro Kawamura3, Tomohisa Irino4, Ken Ikehara5, Yu Saitoh6, Masafumi Murayama6, Ryo Miura7, Ryota Hino8, Yoshihiro Ito8, Daisuke Inazu9 , Miwa Yokokawa10, Norihiro Izumi4 1: Chiba Univ., 2: Kyoto Univ., 3: Yamaguchi Univ., 4: Hokkaido Univ., 5: AIST, 6: Kochi Univ., 7: Nippon Marine Enterprises, Ltd., 8: Tohoku Univ., 9: NIED, 10: Osaka Inst. Tech. Email: arai_kazuno@graduate.chiba-u.jp ==Abstract== We examine the dynamics of the tsunamigenic turbidity current associated with the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami, using the observed data and the numerical model of turbidity currents. This study is important for understanding the generation and behavior of the tsunamigenic turbidity currents, and for establishing a method to reconstruct the recurrence interval of large paleoearthquakes and paleotsunamis on the basis of the geologic record. The OBPs and OBSs recorded the anomalous event occurred on the sea floor off Tohoku coasts at about 3 hours after the main shock of Tohoku-Oki Earthquake. It is considered that this anomalous event was affected by the turbidity current run from shallow marine. The average head velocity of the turbidity current based on the observed data is estimated at least 2.4 – 7.1 m/s. 16 sediment core samples were collected using R/V Mirai and R/V Tansei-maru over range of water depth 170 – 1700 m off Miyagi Prefecture in March and May, 2012. As a result, event deposit layers (new sediment layer) were observed at the top of 9 core samples. The event deposits, which are 2-4 cm thick, can be interpreted as deposits associated with the main shock on the basis of radioisotope data. From the observed data described above, it is considered that the suspension cloud stirred up by the tsunami at shallower depths grew into the turbidity current. We then estimated the condition for generating tsunamigenic turbidity current by comparison between observation (estimated velocity and sediment distribution) and numerical simulation of the unsteady tsunamigenic turbidity current. Consequently, it was suggested that seafloor sediment at shallow marine should have been eroded at least 1.4 cm in thickness (in case of the porosity 50%) by the tsunami to generate the tsunamigenic turbidity current. In our future study, we will attempt to conduct inverse analysis of the flow condition of the turbidity current associated with Tohoku-Oki events using the thickness data of the event deposits as constrains. c7c08e4ed19b21e43a38e57f7546187ae071679c 0 23 52 2013-08-29T02:34:50Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Kiichiro Kawamura Yamaguchi University kiichiro@yamamguchi-u.ac.jp ==Abstract== Submarine landslides can generate tsunamis that may damage coastal and seabe..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Kiichiro Kawamura Yamaguchi University kiichiro@yamamguchi-u.ac.jp ==Abstract== Submarine landslides can generate tsunamis that may damage coastal and seabed infrastructure and so represent an important element of marine geohazards research due to their potentially significant impacts on society. Such landslides may occur on active margins, passive margins, or volcanic islands, and the primary trigger mechanism was thought to be earthquake activity; however, there are also a number of alternative hypotheses regarding the likely initiation mechanism. In this paper, we briefly describe the geological features and trigger mechanisms of tsunamigenic submarine landslides on active and passive margins. On convergent margins, large tsunamigenic submarine landslides appear to occur mostly on margins characterized by non-accretion. The trigger mechanism should be associated strongly with earthquakes. c235b45e84fb45e3f0f15579b913360ef8f976f1 0 24 110 109 2013-08-31T01:20:49Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Leslie Hsu, Lamont-­‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY, USA (lhsu@ldeo.columbia.edu) William E. Dietrich, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Leonard S. Sklar, San Francisco State University, CA, USA ==Abstract== Field studies suggest that bedrock incision by granular flows may be the primary process cutting valleys in steep, unglaciated landscapes. The mechanisms of granular flow incision, however, are not well quantified. Here we present a suite of laboratory experiments describing processes and rates of bedrock erosion by granular flows. We used a debris flow flume facility comprised of a 4-­‐meter diameter, 80-­‐cm wide vertically rotating drum to measure mean and fluctuating normal forces at the base of granular flows. We analyzed the time series of bed forces generated in flows composed of granular material for both narrow (gravel-­‐water) and wide (muddy, sand-­‐gravel-­‐cobble) grain size distributions. The mean bulk force equaled the static weight of the flow, while the force fluctuations, represented by the standard deviation and the top 1% of force, were a near-­‐linear function of effective grain diameter and flow velocity, and a ~0.5 power function of an inertial stress scaling term. The fluctuating force component was a function of grain diameter, flow velocity, and matrix fluid properties. These results provide quantitative relationships between a metric for the collisional energy at the boundary and measurable properties of field-­‐scaled flows. As part of our investigations of controls o boundary forces and bedrock wear, we observed grain segregation processes and fluid-­‐sediment interactions that were previously undescribed in the literature. These included lateral oscillations of the flow front and the formation of asymmetric coarse-­‐particle gyres. We also measured erosion of synthetic bedrock samples in the 4-­‐meter diameter drum to test different models for the relationship between bedrock erosion rate and measured basal forces. Based o the experimental observations, we propose a debris flow erosion rule that includes components of both sliding and impact wear, whose relative importance is scaled by experimentally-­‐tested variables. ==Links== Slides: [[File:Hsu-2013-stratodynamics-post.pdf]] 3fe6b37093c11b81837e9fc3547144f5864ba51b 109 53 2013-08-31T01:20:19Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Leslie Hsu, Lamont-­‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY, USA (lhsu@ldeo.columbia.edu) William E. Dietrich, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Leonard S. Sklar, San Francisco State University, CA, USA ==Abstract== Field studies suggest that bedrock incision by granular flows may be the primary process cutting valleys in steep, unglaciated landscapes. The mechanisms of granular flow incision, however, are not well quantified. Here we present a suite of laboratory experiments describing processes and rates of bedrock erosion by granular flows. We used a debris flow flume facility comprised of a 4-­‐meter diameter, 80-­‐cm wide vertically rotating drum to measure mean and fluctuating normal forces at the base of granular flows. We analyzed the time series of bed forces generated in flows composed of granular material for both narrow (gravel-­‐water) and wide (muddy, sand-­‐gravel-­‐cobble) grain size distributions. The mean bulk force equaled the static weight of the flow, while the force fluctuations, represented by the standard deviation and the top 1% of force, were a near-­‐linear function of effective grain diameter and flow velocity, and a ~0.5 power function of an inertial stress scaling term. The fluctuating force component was a function of grain diameter, flow velocity, and matrix fluid properties. These results provide quantitative relationships between a metric for the collisional energy at the boundary and measurable properties of field-­‐scaled flows. As part of our investigations of controls o boundary forces and bedrock wear, we observed grain segregation processes and fluid-­‐sediment interactions that were previously undescribed in the literature. These included lateral oscillations of the flow front and the formation of asymmetric coarse-­‐particle gyres. We also measured erosion of synthetic bedrock samples in the 4-­‐meter diameter drum to test different models for the relationship between bedrock erosion rate and measured basal forces. Based o the experimental observations, we propose a debris flow erosion rule that includes components of both sliding and impact wear, whose relative importance is scaled by experimentally-­‐tested variables. ==Links== Talk: [[File:Hsu-2013-stratodynamics-post.pdf]] 45add335f7eefd0281b7ca59f92f3bdc3aa6d686 53 2013-08-29T02:36:42Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Leslie Hsu, Lamont-­‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY, USA (lhsu@ldeo.columbia.edu) William E. Dietrich, University of California, Berkele..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Leslie Hsu, Lamont-­‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY, USA (lhsu@ldeo.columbia.edu) William E. Dietrich, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Leonard S. Sklar, San Francisco State University, CA, USA ==Abstract== Field studies suggest that bedrock incision by granular flows may be the primary process cutting valleys in steep, unglaciated landscapes. The mechanisms of granular flow incision, however, are not well quantified. Here we present a suite of laboratory experiments describing processes and rates of bedrock erosion by granular flows. We used a debris flow flume facility comprised of a 4-­‐meter diameter, 80-­‐cm wide vertically rotating drum to measure mean and fluctuating normal forces at the base of granular flows. We analyzed the time series of bed forces generated in flows composed of granular material for both narrow (gravel-­‐water) and wide (muddy, sand-­‐gravel-­‐cobble) grain size distributions. The mean bulk force equaled the static weight of the flow, while the force fluctuations, represented by the standard deviation and the top 1% of force, were a near-­‐linear function of effective grain diameter and flow velocity, and a ~0.5 power function of an inertial stress scaling term. The fluctuating force component was a function of grain diameter, flow velocity, and matrix fluid properties. These results provide quantitative relationships between a metric for the collisional energy at the boundary and measurable properties of field-­‐scaled flows. As part of our investigations of controls o boundary forces and bedrock wear, we observed grain segregation processes and fluid-­‐sediment interactions that were previously undescribed in the literature. These included lateral oscillations of the flow front and the formation of asymmetric coarse-­‐particle gyres. We also measured erosion of synthetic bedrock samples in the 4-­‐meter diameter drum to test different models for the relationship between bedrock erosion rate and measured basal forces. Based o the experimental observations, we propose a debris flow erosion rule that includes components of both sliding and impact wear, whose relative importance is scaled by experimentally-­‐tested variables. 8b0c3686eb09d0bb8d8260252551b18504caef61 0 7 121 120 2013-09-19T18:16:05Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kealie Goodwin1, Rebecca Rhodes2, Joel P Johnson3 1. University of Texas at Austin -kealiegoodwin@utexas.edu 2. The College at Brockport, SUNY -rrhod1@u.brockport.edu 3. University of Texas at Austin -joelj@jsg.utexas.edu ==Abstract== In rivers assumed to have quasi-normal flow, three main processes have been used to explain bed surface armoring: i) selective entrainment and transport of smaller grains, ii) limited supply of smaller grain sizes, and iii) equal mobility of grains of different sizes, which develops through natural feedbacks such that larger, less inherently mobile grains are enriched on the surface relative to smaller grains. Flash flood-dominated river channels in arid environments often completely lack surface armoring, yet it is unclear whether increased sediment supply or transport of all grain sizes prevents armor development. In order to examine armor development in an end-member case of non-normal flow, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments using flash flood bores. The flume is 33.5 m long, 0.5 m wide, 0.8 m tall, and capable of creating reproducible flood bores by raising a high-speed computerized lift gate and releasing impounded water. For each experiment, the gate was quickly lowered as soon as the flood bore traveled the length of the flume, “decapitating” the bore from subsequent flow, to better isolate the effects of the bore alone on entrainment and transport. Sediment was not fed into the upstream end of the flume and only sourced from the gravel bed (2 mm to 40 mm), resulting in supply-limited experimental conditions. In response to repeated flood bores, the surface grain size distribution rapidly coarsened. We interpret that kinetic sieving was the dominant cause of surface armoring in these experiments. Digital gravelometry from photographs taken after each bore show increased armoring, while sediment transported out the downstream end of the flume tended to be as coarse or coarser than the bed surface. Travel distances of three sizes of RFID-tagged tracer clasts show that the largest particles were transported farthest, while the smallest particles were preferentially buried under the surface. In these experiments, the bores disrupt the bed surface and entrain grains of every size class so that the smallest size fraction is able to fall in between the larger grains, coarsening the surface and preventing the smallest grains from being transported. While the combination of decapitated bores and supply-limited gravel sizes do not directly mimic natural channel conditions, our experimental design uniquely isolates the effects of bores on transport and grain sorting. They also suggest that transport of all grain sizes is not the primary control on armoring in natural flash flood-dominated channels. Future experiments will investigate the role of sand supply on armoring and transport in flash flood bores. {{#ev:youtube|mf9xfoooKy4}} ==Poster== [[File:JapanPoster.pdf]] 7f565a371c9d5db3a781ed07be308f6a682c2ad7 120 32 2013-09-19T18:10:44Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kealie Goodwin1, Rebecca Rhodes2, Joel P Johnson3 1. University of Texas at Austin -kealiegoodwin@utexas.edu 2. The College at Brockport, SUNY -rrhod1@u.brockport.edu 3. University of Texas at Austin -joelj@jsg.utexas.edu ==Abstract== In rivers assumed to have quasi-normal flow, three main processes have been used to explain bed surface armoring: i) selective entrainment and transport of smaller grains, ii) limited supply of smaller grain sizes, and iii) equal mobility of grains of different sizes, which develops through natural feedbacks such that larger, less inherently mobile grains are enriched on the surface relative to smaller grains. Flash flood-dominated river channels in arid environments often completely lack surface armoring, yet it is unclear whether increased sediment supply or transport of all grain sizes prevents armor development. In order to examine armor development in an end-member case of non-normal flow, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments using flash flood bores. The flume is 33.5 m long, 0.5 m wide, 0.8 m tall, and capable of creating reproducible flood bores by raising a high-speed computerized lift gate and releasing impounded water. For each experiment, the gate was quickly lowered as soon as the flood bore traveled the length of the flume, “decapitating” the bore from subsequent flow, to better isolate the effects of the bore alone on entrainment and transport. Sediment was not fed into the upstream end of the flume and only sourced from the gravel bed (2 mm to 40 mm), resulting in supply-limited experimental conditions. In response to repeated flood bores, the surface grain size distribution rapidly coarsened. We interpret that kinetic sieving was the dominant cause of surface armoring in these experiments. Digital gravelometry from photographs taken after each bore show increased armoring, while sediment transported out the downstream end of the flume tended to be as coarse or coarser than the bed surface. Travel distances of three sizes of RFID-tagged tracer clasts show that the largest particles were transported farthest, while the smallest particles were preferentially buried under the surface. In these experiments, the bores disrupt the bed surface and entrain grains of every size class so that the smallest size fraction is able to fall in between the larger grains, coarsening the surface and preventing the smallest grains from being transported. While the combination of decapitated bores and supply-limited gravel sizes do not directly mimic natural channel conditions, our experimental design uniquely isolates the effects of bores on transport and grain sorting. They also suggest that transport of all grain sizes is not the primary control on armoring in natural flash flood-dominated channels. Future experiments will investigate the role of sand supply on armoring and transport in flash flood bores. {{#ev:youtube|mf9xfoooKy4}} ==Poster== 6c036cda273f1f451a1969e98e0b7e7f4760c1a6 32 2013-08-29T01:57:06Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Kealie Goodwin1, Rebecca Rhodes2, Joel P Johnson3 1. University of Texas at Austin -kealiegoodwin@utexas.edu 2. The College at Brockport, SUNY -rrhod1@u.brockp..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kealie Goodwin1, Rebecca Rhodes2, Joel P Johnson3 1. University of Texas at Austin -kealiegoodwin@utexas.edu 2. The College at Brockport, SUNY -rrhod1@u.brockport.edu 3. University of Texas at Austin -joelj@jsg.utexas.edu ==Abstract== In rivers assumed to have quasi-normal flow, three main processes have been used to explain bed surface armoring: i) selective entrainment and transport of smaller grains, ii) limited supply of smaller grain sizes, and iii) equal mobility of grains of different sizes, which develops through natural feedbacks such that larger, less inherently mobile grains are enriched on the surface relative to smaller grains. Flash flood-dominated river channels in arid environments often completely lack surface armoring, yet it is unclear whether increased sediment supply or transport of all grain sizes prevents armor development. In order to examine armor development in an end-member case of non-normal flow, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments using flash flood bores. The flume is 33.5 m long, 0.5 m wide, 0.8 m tall, and capable of creating reproducible flood bores by raising a high-speed computerized lift gate and releasing impounded water. For each experiment, the gate was quickly lowered as soon as the flood bore traveled the length of the flume, “decapitating” the bore from subsequent flow, to better isolate the effects of the bore alone on entrainment and transport. Sediment was not fed into the upstream end of the flume and only sourced from the gravel bed (2 mm to 40 mm), resulting in supply-limited experimental conditions. In response to repeated flood bores, the surface grain size distribution rapidly coarsened. We interpret that kinetic sieving was the dominant cause of surface armoring in these experiments. Digital gravelometry from photographs taken after each bore show increased armoring, while sediment transported out the downstream end of the flume tended to be as coarse or coarser than the bed surface. Travel distances of three sizes of RFID-tagged tracer clasts show that the largest particles were transported farthest, while the smallest particles were preferentially buried under the surface. In these experiments, the bores disrupt the bed surface and entrain grains of every size class so that the smallest size fraction is able to fall in between the larger grains, coarsening the surface and preventing the smallest grains from being transported. While the combination of decapitated bores and supply-limited gravel sizes do not directly mimic natural channel conditions, our experimental design uniquely isolates the effects of bores on transport and grain sorting. They also suggest that transport of all grain sizes is not the primary control on armoring in natural flash flood-dominated channels. Future experiments will investigate the role of sand supply on armoring and transport in flash flood bores. 3155d0b02a3a5520c4cca4384227dd8290054363 0 25 54 2013-08-29T02:38:02Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Go-Ichiro Uramoto1, Yuki Morono1, Katsuyuki Uematsu2, and Fumio Inagaki1 1Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Tec..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Go-Ichiro Uramoto1, Yuki Morono1, Katsuyuki Uematsu2, and Fumio Inagaki1 1Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) 2Marine Works Japan E-mail: uramotog@jamstec.go.jp ==Abstract== Marine sediments composed of various mineral species, and micro-scale interactions and arrangements of component particles place critical constraints on the physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring in subseafloor environments. However, the observation of nearly intact microstructures has been difficult especially soft muddy sediments because it’s high content of water and organic molecules. In this study, we examined the biologically used resin-embedding method for marine sediments, and compared it with the t-butyl alcohol freeze-drying method by observations using microfocus X-ray computed tomography (μXCT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In all t-butyl alcohol freeze-dried sediment samples, μXCT and SEM observations showed the occurrence of structural disturbances (e.g., cracks) during the sample preparation, which has significantly changed the sediment microstructure and physical properties. In marked contrast, no cracks were observed in the samples prepared using our resin-embedding method, and the microstructure of the sediment particles were clearly visible. To binarize the pore and particle-occupied spaces, we calculated sample porosities from the SEM images of the flattened surfaces of the resin-embedded samples. The measured porosities were overall similar to those obtained using the moisture and density method, providing another indication that the microstructures of the resin-embedded samples are well preserved. Additionally, we observed that numerous particles in high-porosity surficial clayey sediments are "loosely-packed" in the sectioned surface, clay microaggregates throughout continental margin to pelagic sediments, and presence of organic materials in environmental sediments. The modified biological resin-embedding method is suitable for the detailed observation and characterization of fine-grained sediment microstructure. 20bb90131f8f67fcb525a886dd9957bfd138421a 0 26 55 2013-08-29T02:39:57Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Takuya Ishimaru and Hajime Naruse (Kyoto University, Japan) E.mail: ishimaru@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp ==Abstract== Grain fabric in sandstone has been investigated..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Takuya Ishimaru and Hajime Naruse (Kyoto University, Japan) E.mail: ishimaru@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp ==Abstract== Grain fabric in sandstone has been investigated for reconstruction of paleocurrent directions and their depositional processes. However, direct measurements of three dimensional properties of grain fabric was difficult because sand grains are too small to observe its three dimensional morphology, and therefore grain.fabric analysis has been conducted mostly on two dimensional thin sections of sandstones. To this end, this study employed the method of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in the SEM, which is the method to measure the three dimensional orientation of crystallographic axis in a cross.section quantitatively. Measured sandstones are turbidite beds collected the Upper Cretaceous Izumi Group distributed in SW Japan. The sandstone shows so.called traction carpet structures (spaced stratification) which horizontal inverse.graded bands thicker than parallel lamination. All thin.sections were cut parallel to bedding surface. As a result, the orientation of long axes of the measured sand grain represents two modes in contour map: a(t)b(i) (flow.transverse) fabric and a(p)a(i) (flow.aligned and upstream imbricated) fabric. This result coincides with the two dimensional analysis of grain fabric of traction carpet deposit that was reported by Hiscott and Middleton (1979). Thus, it is suggested that the EBSD method is effective to measure three dimensional orientation of grains in a sandstone. 1c8c05ddaa8482464f4f908adc3062a8aa4a191e 0 28 57 2013-08-29T02:43:23Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Clara Orru1,2, Astrid Blom1, Victor Chavarrias3, Wim S. J. Uijttewaal1 1 Environmental Fluid Mechanics Section, Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft Univers..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Clara Orru1,2, Astrid Blom1, Victor Chavarrias3, Wim S. J. Uijttewaal1 1 Environmental Fluid Mechanics Section, Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands. 2 Email: C.Orru@tudelft.nl 3 Escola Tecnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports de Barcelona, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, C/ Jordi Girona, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. ==Abstract== Grain-size selective processes in rivers lead to sorting of sediment in all directions, over various temporal and spatial scales. Sorting here indicates the spatial variation in the grain size distribution of the bed surface and/or substrate. Improvement of measurement techniques to define such spatial variation helps to provide new insights on grain-size selective processes. In this study a laboratory technique was developed to measure the spatial variation in the stratigraphy: image analysis combined with particle colouring and a sampling technique to remove thin layers of the deposit. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the techniques. In both tests we used three well sorted grain size fractions with only slight overlap in grain size, within the range of coarse sand to fine gravel. The three grain size fractions were painted in three different colours. During the first test, patches composed of various mixtures of the three grain size fractions and various colour combinations were installed. Under submerged and unsubmerged conditions images were taken of the bed surface and the relative presence of each fraction was determined processing them with a colour segmentation algorithm (Figure 1), which provides the areal fraction of a specific colour (i.e. grain size). In the second experiment the above image analysis technique was combined with the sampling procedure. The technique was applied to measuring the stratigraphy of a prograding Gilbert delta (Figure 2). Areal images of the bed were taken at various elevations of the deposit. These elevations correspond to the top of horizontal layers of 1 cm thickness that were removed with a vacuum cleaner. The data for the stratigraphy resulting from the image analysis agree well with the ones based on the sieve analysis, which were necessary only to validate the method. The application of the technique to determine the stratigraphy of the Gilbert delta was therefore suitable to interpret the sorting processes which formed the deposit. In conclusion, the grain size distribution of the bed surface is measured with sufficient accuracy and combining the technique with an efficient and flexible sampling procedure the stratigraphy of the deposit is rapidly estimated. A large amount of data can be collected and processed quickly. Time consuming sieve analyses are avoided and it is possible to place back the sediment at its original elevation and continue the flume experiment. Only slight disturbances occur due to the removal of sediment layers. a3f44c1bcaa1495895742876b4e1a097b5e2a4b8 0 29 101 100 2013-08-30T06:39:42Z Strato 2 /* Abstract */ wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Albert J. Kettner CSDMS, INSTAAR, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, 80309, albert.kettner@gmail.com ==Abstract== Recently significant advances have been made in estimating fluvial sediment transport that involves glacial processes, floodplain dynamics and tectonic forcings. Models to quantify the amount of sediment transported by a single or multiple river to the ocean have bee developed for decades. Field observations are difficult and costly to obtain, so that predictive models are still neede t estimate the flux of sediment, which importantly influences the downstream coastal, deltaic, and marine environments. Existing empirical models estimate sediment fluxes per river drainage basin by incorporating easy to obtain inputs: drainage basin properties (drainage area, relief, lithology) and climatological parameters (precipitation, temperature). first order approach incorporates glacial erosion processes to be able to simulate fluvial fluxes ove glacial-­‐interglacial timescales. These first-­‐generation models calculat solely the suspended sediment flux at the rivermouth (1D) and definitely d not reflect all processes that interact with the terrestrial sediments. However the impact of long-­‐ term climate change or human interaction o the landscape are well captured. Recen advance make it possible to simulate global fluvial fluxes throughout a drainage basin (2D) a 6-­‐arc minute resolution (i.e. the WBMsed model). B increasing the spatial dimension we now can identify sediment hotspots (sources and sinks) i th terrestrial landscape and keep track of sediment routing through a rive system. Furthermore, the WBMsed model i able to capture th process of deposition of sediments i floodplains during pea floods; it thus dynamically reduces the sediment load ultimately reaching the ocean. Another major advance is incorporating the impact of seismic activity on the sediment fluxes to the ocean. Data analyzes reveal tha th Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), globall available index for seismic activity, has a significant impact on sediment fluxes. Earthquakes appear to increase the total sediment flux up to factor 2, even fo area that ar not known for their tectonic activity (e.g. Europe). Future advances should more focus on simulating fluvial transport of different grain sizes.<br><br> [[File:Nagasaki-Kettner.pdf|Presentation]] 325b3b90b3447263570ecb6e5f0e2677c2061595 100 58 2013-08-30T06:39:23Z Strato 2 /* Abstract */ wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Albert J. Kettner CSDMS, INSTAAR, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, 80309, albert.kettner@gmail.com ==Abstract== Recently significant advances have been made in estimating fluvial sediment transport that involves glacial processes, floodplain dynamics and tectonic forcings. Models to quantify the amount of sediment transported by a single or multiple river to the ocean have bee developed for decades. Field observations are difficult and costly to obtain, so that predictive models are still neede t estimate the flux of sediment, which importantly influences the downstream coastal, deltaic, and marine environments. Existing empirical models estimate sediment fluxes per river drainage basin by incorporating easy to obtain inputs: drainage basin properties (drainage area, relief, lithology) and climatological parameters (precipitation, temperature). first order approach incorporates glacial erosion processes to be able to simulate fluvial fluxes ove glacial-­‐interglacial timescales. These first-­‐generation models calculat solely the suspended sediment flux at the rivermouth (1D) and definitely d not reflect all processes that interact with the terrestrial sediments. However the impact of long-­‐ term climate change or human interaction o the landscape are well captured. Recen advance make it possible to simulate global fluvial fluxes throughout a drainage basin (2D) a 6-­‐arc minute resolution (i.e. the WBMsed model). B increasing the spatial dimension we now can identify sediment hotspots (sources and sinks) i th terrestrial landscape and keep track of sediment routing through a rive system. Furthermore, the WBMsed model i able to capture th process of deposition of sediments i floodplains during pea floods; it thus dynamically reduces the sediment load ultimately reaching the ocean. Another major advance is incorporating the impact of seismic activity on the sediment fluxes to the ocean. Data analyzes reveal tha th Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), globall available index for seismic activity, has a significant impact on sediment fluxes. Earthquakes appear to increase the total sediment flux up to factor 2, even fo area that ar not known for their tectonic activity (e.g. Europe). Future advances should more focus on simulating fluvial transport of different grain sizes.<br> [[File:Nagasaki-Kettner.pdf|Presentation]] 0d747f5d933ebd3807dddd56d7300a785edff0cf 58 2013-08-29T02:44:55Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Albert J. Kettner CSDMS, INSTAAR, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, 80309, albert.kettner@gmail.com ==Abstract== Recently significant advances have been mad..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Albert J. Kettner CSDMS, INSTAAR, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, 80309, albert.kettner@gmail.com ==Abstract== Recently significant advances have been made in estimating fluvial sediment transport that involves glacial processes, floodplain dynamics and tectonic forcings. Models to quantify the amount of sediment transported by a single or multiple river to the ocean have bee developed for decades. Field observations are difficult and costly to obtain, so that predictive models are still neede t estimate the flux of sediment, which importantly influences the downstream coastal, deltaic, and marine environments. Existing empirical models estimate sediment fluxes per river drainage basin by incorporating easy to obtain inputs: drainage basin properties (drainage area, relief, lithology) and climatological parameters (precipitation, temperature). first order approach incorporates glacial erosion processes to be able to simulate fluvial fluxes ove glacial-­‐interglacial timescales. These first-­‐generation models calculat solely the suspended sediment flux at the rivermouth (1D) and definitely d not reflect all processes that interact with the terrestrial sediments. However the impact of long-­‐ term climate change or human interaction o the landscape are well captured. Recen advance make it possible to simulate global fluvial fluxes throughout a drainage basin (2D) a 6-­‐arc minute resolution (i.e. the WBMsed model). B increasing the spatial dimension we now can identify sediment hotspots (sources and sinks) i th terrestrial landscape and keep track of sediment routing through a rive system. Furthermore, the WBMsed model i able to capture th process of deposition of sediments i floodplains during pea floods; it thus dynamically reduces the sediment load ultimately reaching the ocean. Another major advance is incorporating the impact of seismic activity on the sediment fluxes to the ocean. Data analyzes reveal tha th Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), globall available index for seismic activity, has a significant impact on sediment fluxes. Earthquakes appear to increase the total sediment flux up to factor 2, even fo area that ar not known for their tectonic activity (e.g. Europe). Future advances should more focus on simulating fluvial transport of different grain sizes. f91884dbe500a1145cadac6375505de5cb3e7ffe 0 30 59 2013-08-29T02:46:33Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Takashi Matsushima Division of Engineering Mechanics and Energy Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems University of Tsukuba tmatsu@kz.tsukuba.ac.jp ==A..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Takashi Matsushima Division of Engineering Mechanics and Energy Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems University of Tsukuba tmatsu@kz.tsukuba.ac.jp ==Abstract== Understanding the mechanism of long-term geological formation is essential in earth science and technology. Major difficulty lies in the multiscale nature both in space and time. In order to tuckle this problem, we developed a simple particle method to simulate soil-water transport phenomena. The method deals with the hydraulic pressure in the soil-water mixture by a simple interaction among the unit-volume particles. This simplification contributes to drastically reduce the computation time. We demonstrate both the advantage and the limitation of the method through some simple examples. 8f44a079d15b448249b23783bf8288b111b45b40 0 31 112 60 2013-09-04T10:23:01Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Hirofumi Niiya, Akinori Awazu, and Hiraku Nishimori Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Hiroshima University ==Abstract== ===Introduction.=== Erosion and deposition due to wind execute various types of sand dunes in deserts on the surface of Earth, Mars, and Titan [1]. As the dominant factors dictating several dune shapes, the steadiness of wind direction and the amount of available sand in each dune field are considered [2]. For example, a unidirectional wind generates barchans, crescent-shaped dune, or transverse dunes extending perpendicular to the wind direction. The former are formed in dune fields with small amounts of available sand, whereas the latter are formed in dune fields with larger amounts of available sand than barchan-rich fields. Recent dune studies have made a significant progress in the quantitative analysis of dune morphodynamics. In particular, rescaled water tank experiments have successfully been conducted to form distinct dune shapes under controlled conditions for the wind direction [3]. Also, computer models have reproduced the qualitative and quantitative morphodynamics similar to aeolian and subaqueous dunes [4]. However, a theoretical methodology to explain the basic mechanism behind dune shape formation beyond a mere numerical reproduction is yet to be established. To analyze the formation process and dynamics of characteristic types of dunes, we propose the dune skeleton model consisting of coupled ordinary differential equations under unidirectional steady wind [5]. In this study, using the numerically and analytically approaches of this model, we investigate the shape transition of dunes depending on the amount of available sand and the stability of dune shapes. ===Model.=== The dune skeleton model is a reduced model to describe the formation process and the dynamics of barchans and transverse dunes generated under a unidirectional steady wind, and this model is roughly based on three assumptions. First, the dunes consist of triangular slices with constant angle of upwind and downwind slope. Second, these slices are arrayed perpendicular to the wind direction at constant lateral interval between slices. Third, a combination of the intra-slice and inter-slice sand movements are considered to govern the macroscopic morphodynamics of dunes. Here, the variables in this model are given as the wind directional position and the height of slice’s crest because of constant angle of slopes. With consideration of the above intra- and inter-sand movements, the coupled ordinary differential equations for crests derived. ===Result.=== Numerical simulations of this model are carried out using number of slices, N=1000. As the initial condition, the initial dune shape is set slightly fluctuated from a straight transverse dune. Moreover, the lateral boundary condition is set as periodic, whereas the wind directional boundary condition is set such that sand escaping into the leeward boundary is redistributed uniformly from the windward boundary. Thus, the total amount of sand constituting dune given as the initial condition is conserved throughout the simulation unless the annihilation of slice occurs. This model reproduces that three typical shapes of dunes, straight transverse dunes, wavy transverse dunes, and barchans, are formed depending on the amount of available sand and wind strength. Numerical simulations also show that the increase in the amount of available sand and inter-slice sand movement enhances the stability of transverse dunes, whereas the decrease in the amount of available sand and the increase in the intra-slice sand movement destabilize the shape of transverse dunes to enforce the deformation into barchans. In order to elucidate the transition mechanism between different steady dune shapes obtained above simulation, we conduct a bifurcation analysis of the reduced dune skeleton model [6]. This model consists of two slices, each of which is assumed to represent dunes with a large number of slices. The analysis of the model shows the existence of stable two types of transverse dunes, straight and wavy. Additionally, the eventual dune shape is uniquely selected by a set of control parameters, that is, a coexistence of different dune shapes is not realized at the end-stage. These bifurcation structures reveal the transition mechanism between dunes generated under unidirectional wind, and these results qualitatively correspond to the morphodynamics of previous observations of real dunes, water tank experiments, and computer models. ===References=== [1] M. C. Bourke, and A. S. Goudie, Aeolian Res. 1 (2009) 45. [2] I. Livingstone, and A. Warren, Aeolian Geomorphology (1996). [3] E. Reffet, S. Courrech du Pont, P. Hersen, and S. Douady, Geology 38 (2010) 491. [4] D. Zhang, C. Narteau, and O. Rozier, J. Geophys. Res. 115 (2010) F03041. [5] H. Niiya, A. Awazu, and H. Nishimori, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79 (2010) 063002. [6] H. Niiya, A. Awazu, and H. Nishimori, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012) 158001. [[File:Presentation niiya.pdf]] e14cf9350a403121498313f906272e7723779c28 60 2013-08-29T02:49:26Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Hirofumi Niiya, Akinori Awazu, and Hiraku Nishimori Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Hiroshima University ==Abstract== ===Introduction.=== ..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Hirofumi Niiya, Akinori Awazu, and Hiraku Nishimori Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Hiroshima University ==Abstract== ===Introduction.=== Erosion and deposition due to wind execute various types of sand dunes in deserts on the surface of Earth, Mars, and Titan [1]. As the dominant factors dictating several dune shapes, the steadiness of wind direction and the amount of available sand in each dune field are considered [2]. For example, a unidirectional wind generates barchans, crescent-shaped dune, or transverse dunes extending perpendicular to the wind direction. The former are formed in dune fields with small amounts of available sand, whereas the latter are formed in dune fields with larger amounts of available sand than barchan-rich fields. Recent dune studies have made a significant progress in the quantitative analysis of dune morphodynamics. In particular, rescaled water tank experiments have successfully been conducted to form distinct dune shapes under controlled conditions for the wind direction [3]. Also, computer models have reproduced the qualitative and quantitative morphodynamics similar to aeolian and subaqueous dunes [4]. However, a theoretical methodology to explain the basic mechanism behind dune shape formation beyond a mere numerical reproduction is yet to be established. To analyze the formation process and dynamics of characteristic types of dunes, we propose the dune skeleton model consisting of coupled ordinary differential equations under unidirectional steady wind [5]. In this study, using the numerically and analytically approaches of this model, we investigate the shape transition of dunes depending on the amount of available sand and the stability of dune shapes. ===Model.=== The dune skeleton model is a reduced model to describe the formation process and the dynamics of barchans and transverse dunes generated under a unidirectional steady wind, and this model is roughly based on three assumptions. First, the dunes consist of triangular slices with constant angle of upwind and downwind slope. Second, these slices are arrayed perpendicular to the wind direction at constant lateral interval between slices. Third, a combination of the intra-slice and inter-slice sand movements are considered to govern the macroscopic morphodynamics of dunes. Here, the variables in this model are given as the wind directional position and the height of slice’s crest because of constant angle of slopes. With consideration of the above intra- and inter-sand movements, the coupled ordinary differential equations for crests derived. ===Result.=== Numerical simulations of this model are carried out using number of slices, N=1000. As the initial condition, the initial dune shape is set slightly fluctuated from a straight transverse dune. Moreover, the lateral boundary condition is set as periodic, whereas the wind directional boundary condition is set such that sand escaping into the leeward boundary is redistributed uniformly from the windward boundary. Thus, the total amount of sand constituting dune given as the initial condition is conserved throughout the simulation unless the annihilation of slice occurs. This model reproduces that three typical shapes of dunes, straight transverse dunes, wavy transverse dunes, and barchans, are formed depending on the amount of available sand and wind strength. Numerical simulations also show that the increase in the amount of available sand and inter-slice sand movement enhances the stability of transverse dunes, whereas the decrease in the amount of available sand and the increase in the intra-slice sand movement destabilize the shape of transverse dunes to enforce the deformation into barchans. In order to elucidate the transition mechanism between different steady dune shapes obtained above simulation, we conduct a bifurcation analysis of the reduced dune skeleton model [6]. This model consists of two slices, each of which is assumed to represent dunes with a large number of slices. The analysis of the model shows the existence of stable two types of transverse dunes, straight and wavy. Additionally, the eventual dune shape is uniquely selected by a set of control parameters, that is, a coexistence of different dune shapes is not realized at the end-stage. These bifurcation structures reveal the transition mechanism between dunes generated under unidirectional wind, and these results qualitatively correspond to the morphodynamics of previous observations of real dunes, water tank experiments, and computer models. ===References=== [1] M. C. Bourke, and A. S. Goudie, Aeolian Res. 1 (2009) 45. [2] I. Livingstone, and A. Warren, Aeolian Geomorphology (1996). [3] E. Reffet, S. Courrech du Pont, P. Hersen, and S. Douady, Geology 38 (2010) 491. [4] D. Zhang, C. Narteau, and O. Rozier, J. Geophys. Res. 115 (2010) F03041. [5] H. Niiya, A. Awazu, and H. Nishimori, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79 (2010) 063002. [6] H. Niiya, A. Awazu, and H. Nishimori, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012) 158001. 5d09f9a4bafd1a5be8e4f491b4b7752b580224ef 0 32 107 62 2013-08-30T06:51:49Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kensuke Naito1), Norihiro Izumi2), Miwa Yokokawa3) and Tomohito Yamada2) 1) Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University. kensuke.g.naito@gmail.com 2) Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University 3) Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology ==Abstract== Boundary waves, such as antidunes and cyclic steps (Parker & Izumi 2000) have been known to be formed on river beds or ocean floors by currents. It has also been found that the step-like topographies are formed on the ice surfac, such as the surface of glaciers and the surface of polar ice caps on Mars (Smith & Holt 2010) as well as on the Earth. Because these topographies are formed perpendicular to the direction of the currents, they are assumed to be boundary waves. In the case of polar ice caps, the currents are considered to be density airflow, i.e. katabatic wind (Howard et al 2000). Although the formation of boundary waves on river beds or ocean floors has been studied by a great number of researchers, their formation on the ice surface has hardly ever been studied. In this study, we performed a series of laboratory experiments, and proposed a mathematical model of the formation of boundary waves on the ice surface created by currents. The experiments were conducted with the use of a flume which has 1.8m in length, 2cm in width and 8cm ice layer on the bottom. We controlled the flow conditions (flow discharge, slope of the flume) and temperature conditions (temperature of the ambient air, fluid and ice), and then we ran water on the ice layer. Boundary waves were formed when the Froude number of the flow was higher than 1.15 (Fr > 1.15), and temperature of the ambient air was higher than the freezing point of water (0°C). We also found that the temperature distribution is a factor which determines the direction of migration of the waves. When the temperature of the ambient air was higher than the freezing point of water, boundary waves were formed. In addition, the bedwaves migrated in the upstream direction. Meanwhile, when the temperature of the ambient air was lower than the freezing point, no boundary waves were formed. In this case, however, once we made a hollow on the flat ice surface, boundary waves were formed. Then, the waves migrated in the downstream direction. Based on the experimental results, we proposed a mathematical model by use of the Reynolds-averaged Narvier-Stokes equation, heat transfer equations for flow and ice, and a heat balance equation at the flow-ice interface as follows. <flow: Reynolds averaged N-S equations> <heat transfer in the flow: heat convection equation> <heat transfer in the ice: heat conduction equation> <heat balance at the ice surface for solidification process and for melting process> Where variables with “-” are time-averaged, x and z are the streamwise and vertical coordinates respectively, and u, w, p, g, , f and  denote velocity in x direction, velocity in z direction, pressure, gravitational acceleration, density of fluid, ice surface elevation and kinematic viscosity. kf, ks, T, Tm, Tf, Ts are heat conduction coefficient of fluid and ice, temperature, temperature at the ice surface, averaged temperature of fluid and ice. cf, hsl, h are specific heat of fluid, latent heat and convective heat transfer coefficient. Because it is assumed that the time variation of the flow is much faster than that of ice surface evolution, time derivative terms in the flow equations are neglected. This is a quasi-steady assumption. The Reynolds stress and the turbulent heat flux may be expressed by the use of the eddy diffusivity of moment and heat ; The eddy viscosity of momentum T can be expressed by mixing length l; according to Prandtl’s mixing length hypothesis, the mixing length l is in proportional to z as as and k is Karman constant (=0.4). And the eddy viscosity of heat is assumed to be expressed In order to solve the velocity and temperature distribution in the flow, we employed the Prandtl-Taylor analogy. [[File:2013powerpoint.pdf]] 19bf905e16d04fb814b1605eae0ef6b27adc2d86 62 61 2013-08-29T02:54:51Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kensuke Naito1), Norihiro Izumi2), Miwa Yokokawa3) and Tomohito Yamada2) 1) Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University. kensuke.g.naito@gmail.com 2) Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University 3) Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology ==Abstract== Boundary waves, such as antidunes and cyclic steps (Parker & Izumi 2000) have been known to be formed on river beds or ocean floors by currents. It has also been found that the step-like topographies are formed on the ice surfac, such as the surface of glaciers and the surface of polar ice caps on Mars (Smith & Holt 2010) as well as on the Earth. Because these topographies are formed perpendicular to the direction of the currents, they are assumed to be boundary waves. In the case of polar ice caps, the currents are considered to be density airflow, i.e. katabatic wind (Howard et al 2000). Although the formation of boundary waves on river beds or ocean floors has been studied by a great number of researchers, their formation on the ice surface has hardly ever been studied. In this study, we performed a series of laboratory experiments, and proposed a mathematical model of the formation of boundary waves on the ice surface created by currents. The experiments were conducted with the use of a flume which has 1.8m in length, 2cm in width and 8cm ice layer on the bottom. We controlled the flow conditions (flow discharge, slope of the flume) and temperature conditions (temperature of the ambient air, fluid and ice), and then we ran water on the ice layer. Boundary waves were formed when the Froude number of the flow was higher than 1.15 (Fr > 1.15), and temperature of the ambient air was higher than the freezing point of water (0°C). We also found that the temperature distribution is a factor which determines the direction of migration of the waves. When the temperature of the ambient air was higher than the freezing point of water, boundary waves were formed. In addition, the bedwaves migrated in the upstream direction. Meanwhile, when the temperature of the ambient air was lower than the freezing point, no boundary waves were formed. In this case, however, once we made a hollow on the flat ice surface, boundary waves were formed. Then, the waves migrated in the downstream direction. Based on the experimental results, we proposed a mathematical model by use of the Reynolds-averaged Narvier-Stokes equation, heat transfer equations for flow and ice, and a heat balance equation at the flow-ice interface as follows. <flow: Reynolds averaged N-S equations> <heat transfer in the flow: heat convection equation> <heat transfer in the ice: heat conduction equation> <heat balance at the ice surface for solidification process and for melting process> Where variables with “-” are time-averaged, x and z are the streamwise and vertical coordinates respectively, and u, w, p, g, , f and  denote velocity in x direction, velocity in z direction, pressure, gravitational acceleration, density of fluid, ice surface elevation and kinematic viscosity. kf, ks, T, Tm, Tf, Ts are heat conduction coefficient of fluid and ice, temperature, temperature at the ice surface, averaged temperature of fluid and ice. cf, hsl, h are specific heat of fluid, latent heat and convective heat transfer coefficient. Because it is assumed that the time variation of the flow is much faster than that of ice surface evolution, time derivative terms in the flow equations are neglected. This is a quasi-steady assumption. The Reynolds stress and the turbulent heat flux may be expressed by the use of the eddy diffusivity of moment and heat ; The eddy viscosity of momentum T can be expressed by mixing length l; according to Prandtl’s mixing length hypothesis, the mixing length l is in proportional to z as as and k is Karman constant (=0.4). And the eddy viscosity of heat is assumed to be expressed In order to solve the velocity and temperature distribution in the flow, we employed the Prandtl-Taylor analogy. b14e701956be9867950319546cb7a3bdf8da9bce 61 2013-08-29T02:52:31Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Kensuke Naito1), Norihiro Izumi2), Miwa Yokokawa3) and Tomohito Yamada2) 1) Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University. kensuke.g.naito@gmail.com 2) Fa..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Kensuke Naito1), Norihiro Izumi2), Miwa Yokokawa3) and Tomohito Yamada2) 1) Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University. kensuke.g.naito@gmail.com 2) Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University 3) Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology ==Abstract== Boundary waves, such as antidunes and cyclic steps (Parker & Izumi 2000) have been known to be formed on river beds or ocean floors by currents. It has also been found that the step-like topographies are formed on the ice surfac, such as the surface of glaciers and the surface of polar ice caps on Mars (Smith & Holt 2010) as well as on the Earth. Because these topographies are formed perpendicular to the direction of the currents, they are assumed to be boundary waves. In the case of polar ice caps, the currents are considered to be density airflow, i.e. katabatic wind (Howard et al 2000). Although the formation of boundary waves on river beds or ocean floors has been studied by a great number of researchers, their formation on the ice surface has hardly ever been studied. In this study, we performed a series of laboratory experiments, and proposed a mathematical model of the formation of boundary waves on the ice surface created by currents. The experiments were conducted with the use of a flume which has 1.8m in length, 2cm in width and 8cm ice layer on the bottom. We controlled the flow conditions (flow discharge, slope of the flume) and temperature conditions (temperature of the ambient air, fluid and ice), and then we ran water on the ice layer. Boundary waves were formed when the Froude number of the flow was higher than 1.15 (Fr > 1.15), and temperature of the ambient air was higher than the freezing point of water (0°C). We also found that the temperature distribution is a factor which determines the direction of migration of the waves. When the temperature of the ambient air was higher than the freezing point of water, boundary waves were formed. In addition, the bedwaves migrated in the upstream direction. Meanwhile, when the temperature of the ambient air was lower than the freezing point, no boundary waves were formed. In this case, however, once we made a hollow on the flat ice surface, boundary waves were formed. Then, the waves migrated in the downstream direction. Based on the experimental results, we proposed a mathematical model by use of the Reynolds-averaged Narvier-Stokes equation, heat transfer equations for flow and ice, and a heat balance equation at the flow-ice interface as follows. c452b227480b4f8485739159ce4803789b12a958 0 33 63 2013-08-29T02:56:07Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Tomohiro SEKIGUCHI Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, Ts ukuba 305-8577, Japan Email: Sekiguchi@sui..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Tomohiro SEKIGUCHI Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, Ts ukuba 305-8577, Japan Email: Sekiguchi@suiri.tsukuba.ac.jp ==Abstract== Bedforms attain their equilibrium states when hydraulic conditions are constant for sufficiently long duration. What would bedforms be if hydraulic conditions periodically changes and duration of each condition is not long enough for bedforms to become equilibrium? From this point of view, this preliminary experimental study examined bedforms under one-dimensional pure oscillatory flow, which periodically change its direction. The experiment employed a two-directional oscillatory bed with a circler sand tray 1 m in diameter. Properties of oscillatory flow, but its direction, were the same: the oscillatory period was 1.0 s, and total amplitude (= orbital diameter), 5.0 cm. Direction of oscillatory flow was changed and top view photographs were taken every 10 oscillatory cycles. The experiment developed some types of quasi equilibrium bedforms. In the presentation, I will show their developments by movies. 544595a90680a4be92bdb78b9466e5f340a602c6 0 34 64 2013-08-29T02:57:26Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Numata, S., Sekiguchi, T. (Univ. Tsukuba), Yokokawa, M. (Osaka Inst. Tech.) Contact information: Numata, S. (numata@suiri.tsukuba.ac.jp) ==Abstrac..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Numata, S., Sekiguchi, T. (Univ. Tsukuba), Yokokawa, M. (Osaka Inst. Tech.) Contact information: Numata, S. (numata@suiri.tsukuba.ac.jp) ==Abstract== A series of short-period combined-flow experiments was conducted focusing geometry and migration rate of bedform. A recirculating flume with a wave generator (12 m long, 0.2 m wide, and 0.4 m deep) was employed. Bedforms developed from a flat horizontal sand bed (5 m long, 0.2 m wide, and 0.05 m thick) and bed material was quartz sand with mean diameter of 0.4 mm. Combined flow with the following conditions was generated by combining waves and current, whose direction are opposite each other: the water depth was 0.2 m, wave period, T = 1.5 s, near-bottom oscillatory velocity uo ≤ 39.2 cm/s, and near-bottom unidirectional velocity, uu ≤ 41.2 cm/s. The development of bedforms was photographed at every 5 s. The experiments carried out 44 runs changing combination of uo, and uu. The analysis of the ripple size and the migration rate showed that: (1) The migration rate decreased as the ripple height developed. Ripple height fluctuates even after ripples attained quasi equilibrium; thus normalization of migration rate with ripple height would be necessary for comparison of ripple migration rates under different hydraulic conditions. (2) The migration rate in the same ripple height increased with the increasing unidirectional velocity. (3) The migration rate in the same ripple height increased with the increasing oscillatory velocity under conditions of high uu. The migration rate in the same ripple height unchanged with the increasing oscillatory velocity under conditions of low uu. 9099ffc38d5f74d5bc57b374f988b54f71cfc3f6 0 35 65 2013-08-29T02:58:55Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Keisuke Taniguchi (Nagoya Univ.) and Noritaka Endo (Kanazawa Univ.) ==Abstracts== In cold region, snow barchans have been observed after snowstorm. Although t..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Keisuke Taniguchi (Nagoya Univ.) and Noritaka Endo (Kanazawa Univ.) ==Abstracts== In cold region, snow barchans have been observed after snowstorm. Although the planer forms of the snow barchans are similar and the cross-sectional profiles are flatter than those of sandy barchans. The difference can be caused by the phenomena acting on snow only such as sintering, which means cohesion between nearby snow particles. We attempt to construct a numerical model of snow barchans including effect of sintering. The model is a cellular automata using probability of particle migration Pm. On the steep upslope and gentle downslope, the value of Pm becomes smaller. On the steep downslope, particle avalanche makes slipface regardless of the value of Pm. This model can simulate longitudinal profiles of the sandy barchans and collision between two barchans. Sintering is implemented as a coefficient multiplied by the probability of particle migration. The sintering coefficient α decreases with the time when the particle stayed at the position, that is, the snow particle become difficult to move from the cell. In this study, α (and also Pm) becomes zero when the particle does not move in 100 time steps. In each experimental run, snowfall was started every 20000 time steps. The numbers of falling snow particles in a snowfall event were varied between experimental runs (500, 2500, and 5000 particles). The resultant profiles after 500000 time steps were different between the cases whether the sintering effect was available or not. The barchan in sintering-free runs was large and had sharp slipface at the leeward side. On the other hand, in the cases of runs with sintering, the small barchans and mildly-sloped and longer-wavelength topographies were formed. 4499c2243bca3f94ed4e910bfaa81a09336ece94 0 8 33 2013-08-29T01:58:28Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Matthew Czapiga, Gary Parker University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA czapiga2@illinois.edu, parkerg@illinois.edu ==Abstract== Me..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Matthew Czapiga, Gary Parker University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA czapiga2@illinois.edu, parkerg@illinois.edu ==Abstract== Meandering rivers define pathways for water flow, sediment movement, nutrient transport, fish passage and navigation. Buried subaerial and submarine meandering channels often define ribbons of sand which create connected reservoirs for hydrocarbons. Yet the degree to which meandering channels are connected is a relatively understudied problem. In general, we can pose the connectivity problem as follows. What is the probability that a continuous path of length L and width B exists such that some attribute A falls within specified bounds throughout the path? One example of this is navigation: what is the probability that a ship requiring a minimum depth Hmin can navigate a continuous path without going aground? In the case of stratigraphy, the question can be posed in terms of a continuous pathway of length L over which hydraulic conductivity never falls below a specified limit. The longer the connected path, the more efficiently hydrocarbons could be extracted from a single well. Here we report on experiments in a highly sinuous channel with an erodible bed. We study connectivity in terms of the probability P(L, B, Hmin) that starting from a given point, a downstream path with length L and width B is connected in the sense that H never falls below Hmin. We develop dimensionless functional relations for P in terms of bankfull geometric parameters, and also study how changing river stage affects connectivity. Our work underlines the profound effect that dynamic changes in river bed planform can play on connectivity. 0dae461d9f61e49d8649f0d28dc24a22ab00c8a2 0 4 117 114 2013-09-06T01:20:48Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. == Figures == [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:naruse_slide18.png]] == Movies == {{#ev:youtube|TJYaDapFD9s}} {{#ev:youtube|y7SOoSM3v3c}} {{#evp:youtube|k6hoUavDEK8|Downstream-migrating antidune}} c2b133d85981b5dcd6be7b83bfbb22575fe2b0ab 114 103 2013-09-05T10:49:29Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. == Figures == [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] {{#ev:youtube|TJYaDapFD9s}} [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:naruse_slide12.png]] [[File:naruse_slide18.png]] ba10aee37b909621d80e0b46f2a9d86c6ad34bea 103 86 2013-08-30T06:42:59Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. == Figures == [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small2.pdf]] [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:naruse_slide12.png]] [[File:naruse_slide18.png]] 05c52cc41f86e347cab6011e58d07e8cacfbf5ff 86 82 2013-08-30T02:28:43Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. == Figures == [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:naruse_slide12.png]] [[File:naruse_slide18.png]] ebb0cce48751923e0e569a6e6d59282d57ea64d2 82 81 2013-08-30T01:00:24Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:naruse_slide12.png]] [[File:naruse_slide18.png]] 30ba9e9d172a9584e675dc5870802299548af7a4 81 80 2013-08-30T01:00:05Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:naruse_slide12.png]] [[File:naruse_slide15.png]] 1854f93827c3ce6463e757e5b158f89620b2bf38 80 76 2013-08-30T00:59:43Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:slide12.png]] [[File:slide15.png]] 895e9613049c6190cbf1176907bad20cf9842ce5 76 74 2013-08-30T00:53:45Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[File:slide6.png]] [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] 2608c129abfa01b2599b0b04f4f4856403f14109 74 73 2013-08-30T00:39:22Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] 3f112ec0491a2c68fea10424ef066970219bca13 73 72 2013-08-30T00:39:11Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] 6231c2646a608758f0c7fb7496abc37053a7bfda 72 68 2013-08-30T00:38:41Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. [[File:Supercritical Density flow-small.pdf]] 3f112ec0491a2c68fea10424ef066970219bca13 68 67 2013-08-29T03:12:57Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse1, Norihiro Izumi2, Miwa Yokokawa3 and Tetsuji Muto4 1Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. e-mail: naruse@kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp 2Graduate school of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan 3Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 573-0196, Japan 4Faculty of Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. [[File:slide6.png]] We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. 2f2ee2215d03599198f7cdecd7fc995932576448 67 20 2013-08-29T03:10:43Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse, Norihiro Izumi, Miwa Yokokawa and Tetsuji Muto == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. [[File:slide6.png]] We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. 3325a89b9830120ab25fd36f9a7b43b5cd07dcf1 20 2013-08-28T23:16:28Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "== Authors == Hajime Naruse, Norihiro Izumi, Miwa Yokokawa and Tetsuji Muto == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic..." wikitext text/x-wiki == Authors == Hajime Naruse, Norihiro Izumi, Miwa Yokokawa and Tetsuji Muto == Abstract == This study reveals characteristics and formative conditions of plane bed and cyclic steps formed by saline density flows with suspended sediments in supercritical flow condition. Experimental density flows were produced by mixtures of salt water (1.01-1.04 in density) and plastic particles (1.5 in specific density, 140 or 240 μm in diameter). Salt water and plastic particles are analogue materials of muddy water and sand particles in turbidity currents respectively. Acrylic flume (4.0 m long, 2.0 cm wide and 0.5 m deep) was submerged in an experimental tank (6.0 m long, 1.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep) that was filled by clear water. Features of bedforms were observed when the bed state in the flume reached equilibrium condition. The experimental conditions range 1.5-4.2 in densimetric Froude number and 0.2-0.8 in Shields dimensionless stress. We reports two major discoveries as a result of the flume experiments: (1) Plane bed under Froude-supercritical flows and (2) Geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps formed by density flows. (1) Plane bed was formed under the condition of supercritical flow regime. In previous studies, plane bed has been known that plane bed can be formed by subcritical unidirectional flows. However, this study implies that plane bed can also be formed by supercritical conditions with high Shields dimensionless stress (>0.4) and very high Froude number (> 4.0). This discovery may suggest that previous estimations of paleo-hydraulic conditions of parallel lamination in turbidites should be reconsidered. (2) This study also revealed geometrical characteristics of cyclic steps. Cyclic step is a type of bedform that is frequently observed in flanks of submarine levees. This study proved that cyclic steps of density flows show different geometry to those formed by open channel flows. Cyclic steps formed by open channel flows have generally asymmetrical geometry in which lee side is short, whereas cyclic steps formed by density flows are relatively symmetrical and varies their morphology remarkably depending on flow conditions. 9b5e40fd555fe9abb8e41660082724a767896f40 0 9 34 2013-08-29T01:59:47Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Author== Tomoyuki Sato Geological Survey of Japan, AIST tomoyuki-sato@aist.go.jp ==Abstract== We conducted the seismic survey to reveal subsurface structures of the co..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Author== Tomoyuki Sato Geological Survey of Japan, AIST tomoyuki-sato@aist.go.jp ==Abstract== We conducted the seismic survey to reveal subsurface structures of the coastal zone aroud Yufutsu Plain. This plain has two hinterlands, Hidaka Mountains in NE and Shikotsu-Touya Volcanoes in NW. And the dranage area of Hidaka Mountains are overwhelmingly large compared to the area of Shikotsu-Touya Volcanoes. The present shelf edge off the plain is about 150 m in water depth and faces SSW, as same as the shoreline. As a result of seismic survey, the sediment of the area can be subdivided into three sequences based on erosional surface. Each sequence shows onlap patterns to a lower unit in the lower part and down lap patterns in the upper part. These internal structures indicate that these sequences were formed under the influence of relative sea-level rise and fall. The n sequences were considered to be formed under the glacial sea-level fluctuations after Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7. The shelf is a type of sedimentary shelf and covered by the regressive systems tract in MIS 5e to MIS 2. Paleo-shorelines are reconstructed based on the internal structures which show down lap pattern to reconstruct the development history of the shelf. As a result, shoreline faced SW during every regressive stages (MIS 7 to 6, MIS 5e to MIS 2) although present shelf and shoreline face SSW. The difference between the trend can be explained by the influence from the two hinterlands in NE and NW. The shoreline during regressive stage is directly influenced by the direction of the sediment supply. Then shoreline was normal to the river trend of Hidaka Mountains with large dranage area. On the other hand, the influence from Shikotsu-Touya Volcanoes relatively increased during other stages. Then shelf edge and shoreline in present deformed from SW, the original trend, to SSW. 471c8d57da8a640317d4c74c1b394bdecb890aaf 0 57 127 126 2013-10-07T10:07:51Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Talk slides:''' == [[File: BedformReview.pdf]] bde58fd149498ac6ff61aaa545632b5b6b930b1f 126 125 2013-10-07T10:01:34Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Talkslides:''' == [[File: BedformReview.pdf]] a3dbfdfa10b09cce0cad2bb68f62490642d960c8 125 124 2013-10-07T09:59:58Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki Author: Norihiro Izumi, Hokkaido University, Japan Abstract: Theoretical aspects of the formation of river bedforms are briefly presented in this review talk. [[File: BedformReview.pdf]] 55226a881df458c2a403957d8c170529a3155e73 124 2013-10-07T09:55:35Z Strato 2 Created page with "Author: Norihiro Izumi, Hokkaido University, Japan Abstract: Theoretical aspects of the formation of river bedforms are briefly presented in this review talk." wikitext text/x-wiki Author: Norihiro Izumi, Hokkaido University, Japan Abstract: Theoretical aspects of the formation of river bedforms are briefly presented in this review talk. 4a4b1af7027c9bf785d32a460c4997df71f01127 0 10 35 2013-08-29T02:01:21Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Hideki Miura (National Institute of Polar Research, E-mail: miura@nipr.ac.jp) Jun’ichi Okuno (National Institute of Polar Research / Japan Agency for Marine-Ear..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Hideki Miura (National Institute of Polar Research, E-mail: miura@nipr.ac.jp) Jun’ichi Okuno (National Institute of Polar Research / Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology) Hideaki Maemoku (Hosei University) ==Abstract== A well-marked stepped topography is developed along the shoreline of an inner cove of the Soya Coast, East Antarctica, the largest of which named Kizahashi Hama, meaning “stairs beach”. On Kizahashi Hama more than 10 steps can be recognized below 18m a.s.l., and each step is small and low, ranging 20-100 cm in relative height, and extends along the present shoreline parallel to the modern beach. The sediments are composed well-sorted fine-medium sand and displaying cross-lamination including Holocene in situ bivalve fossil shells (Laternula elliptica ) and with an overlying veneer of gravels. In Kizahasi Hama, a clear cliff at the high-tide level line is maintained, and the backshore is not clearly developed. This is because the beach faces a bay that is entirely covered by sea ice almost year-round; large storm surges do not produce a backshore and do not destroy the coastline even during winter strong storms. The ability of a wave to act in the foreshore of this special shore environment is limited to a tidal change and a calm wave during times of mild weather. In addition, in such a foreshore, sediment is planarized by the action of the sea ice loading. Melting snow water, including fine materials derived from the weathered basement, glacial sediments and aeolian dust, flows into the neighborhood of the coast. Afterward, these fine materials accumulate on the foreshore and upper shoreface by the actions of calm waves. Suspended materials slowly accumulate in the flat slope of the lower foreshore. By these progradation processes, the upper shoreface slope gradually migrates in the offing direction. As a result, when the almost same sea-level persists for a long time, the foreshore and upper shoreface slope gradually migrate in the offing direction and cover the lower shoreface and/or continental shelf. Therefore, these three strata, the foreshore beds and the upper and lower shoreface beds, have a relationship with hererotopic facies, and the height of foreshore bed following the present and past upper and lower shoreface beds that do progradation always converge to the almost same height as the high-tide level during the relative stable or slowly falling sea-level period. When the sea-level relatively rapid falls caused by glacial-isostatic rebound in an Antarctic coastal environment such as Kizahasi Hama, the flat side of the new foreshore makes a clear cliff close against the former upper and/or lower shoreface. The basal part of the cliff shows the height of the new high-tide level line. 6f6cec1ad234e03225a13b39497fbddcfe65a6b0 0 11 36 2013-08-29T02:02:37Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Minao Sakurai (Doshisha Univ.), Fujio Masuda (Doshisha Univ.) email: eum1902@mail4.doshisha.ac.jp) ==Abstract== Structure and development of the Holocene san..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Minao Sakurai (Doshisha Univ.), Fujio Masuda (Doshisha Univ.) email: eum1902@mail4.doshisha.ac.jp) ==Abstract== Structure and development of the Holocene sandy gravel spit (“Tenma spit”) deposit in the Osaka Plain were firstly clarified using by borehole database and previously reported 14C ages. The deposit within the middle marine clay part of the Holocene sediments was deposited 8000 to 5000 years ago during the transgressive and maximum flooding periods. The deposit is characterized by a long and narrow platform, a progradational upward-coarsening sediment sequence, and signs of emergence at its top. The deposit extends continuously from a lower offshore to an upper landward end. It includes depositional structures generated by storm-waves and marine fossil shells. The deposit is most extensively developed in the area of the paleo-wave cut cliffs and benches on the northwestern margin of the Uemachi Upland. These features strongly support an origin from coastal sand and sandy gravel spit systems. The Tenma spit developed in two stages, bounded by the rapid rise of sea level 8000 to 7000 years ago. This final developed spit was 7-8 km long and less than 100 m wide from Tenma through Nagara to Awaji in 6000 to 5000 years ago. After 5000 years ago during the highstand period, the spit evolved into a wide strand-plain system with long sand or sandy gravel beaches. feadfde16afe2eafe9bedbb6d76c06ba7d84f5ac 0 12 40 39 2013-08-29T02:10:47Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Vittorio Maselli1,*, Eric W. Hutton2, Albert J. Kettner2, James P.M. Syvitski2 and Fabio Trincardi1 1 ISMAR-CNR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy 2 INSTAAR, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA Corresponding Author: vittorio.maselli@bo.ismar.cnr.it ==Abstract== Global sea level oscillations occurring during the Quaternary were mainly the consequence of changes in solar radiation pattern, tuned by the Earth’s orbital parameters (Hays et al., 1976), which regulate the waxing and waning on ice-sheets (Shackleton, 1987). On shorter time scales, i.e. the Late Pleistocene-Holocene, the sea level oscillation, still dominated by the Milankovian cyclicity, is also modulated by internal feed-back processes in the ice-ocean-atmosphere interaction (Bond et al., 1997; Clark et al., 2002), resulting in a step-like eustatic rise, with at least two periods of dramatically enhanced rates of ice melting and consequently sea level rise (Fairbanks, 1989). Although the overall timing and magnitude of the post-glacial sea level rise is well constrained (Bard et al., 1990; 1996), some uncertainties remain particularly around the Bolling-Allerod to Younger Dryas transition (Siddall et al., 2010; Carlson, 2010). Here we try to quantify small-scale sea level oscillations that possibly occurred during this interval (14 -11 kyr BP) by simulating the deposition of the central Adriatic transgressive record (Maselli et al., 2011). This deposit consists of a tripartite sedimentary body with a central unit formed by a two steps prograding wedge with an internal unconformity (Cattaneo and Trincardi, 1999). The simulations are obtained by coupling two numerical models (Maselli et al., 2011), and are supported by sequence-stratigraphy analyses, core samples and 14C age estimates (Asioli et al., 2001). Model simulations with Hydrotrend v3.0, a hydrological water balance and transport model (Kettner and Syvitski, 2008), allow to simulate the total sediment discharge to the basin, highlighting high rates of sediment delivery within the interval between 13.8 and 11.5 cal. kyr BP as a consequence of increased rates of rainfall and partial melting of the Alpine glaciers. This result has been integrated in 2D Sedflux 1.0C, a basin-fill model able to simulate the margin stratigraphy (Syvitski and Hutton, 2001), that best reproduces the complex geometry of the tripartite transgressive record by introducing a minor sea level fall during the Younger Dryas. The results obtained also document the importance of shallow water sediment architecture in understanding past sea level fluctuations. ===References=== Asioli, A., Trincardi, F., Lowe, J.J., Ariztegui, D., Langone, L., Oldfield, F., 2001. Submillennial scale climatic oscillations in the central Adriatic during the Lateglacial: palaeoceanographic implications. Quaternary Science Reviews 20, 1201-1221. Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Fairbanks, R.G., 1990. U.Th ages obtained by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: sea level during the past 130,000 years. Nature 346, 456-458. Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Arnold, M., Montaggioni, L., Cabioch, G., Faure, G., Rougerie, F., 1996. Deglacial sea-level record from Tahiti corals and the timing of global Meltwater discharge. Nature 382, 241-244. Bond, G., Showers, W., Cheseby, M., Lotti, R., Almasi, P., deMenocal, P., Priore, P., Cullen, H., Hajdas, I., Bonani, G., 1997. A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates. Science 278, 1257-1266. Carlson, A.E., 2010. What caused the Younger Dryas cold event? Geology 38, 383-384. Cattaneo, A., Trincardi, F., 1999. The late-Quaternary transgressive record in the Adriatic epicontinental sea: Basin widening and facies partitioning, in: Bergman, K., Snedden, J. (Eds.), Isolated Shallow Marine Sand Bodies: Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis and Sedimentologic Interpretation. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special Publication, Tulsa, pp. 127-146 Clark, P.U., Pisias, N.G., Stocker, T.F., Weaver, A.J., 2002. The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change. Nature 415, 863-869. Fairbanks, R.G., 1989. A 17.000-yr glacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature 342, 637-642. Hays, J.D., Imbrie, J., Shackelton, N.J., 1976. Variations in the earth’s orbit: pacemaker of the ice ages? Science 194, 1121-1132. Kettner, A.J., Syvitski, J.P.M., 2008a. Hydrotrend v.3.0: A climate-driven hydrological transport model that simulates discharge and sediment load leaving a river system. Computers & Geosciences 34, 1170-1183. Maselli, V., Kettner, A.J., Syvitski, J.P.M., Hutton, E.W.H., Trincardi F., 2011. High-frequency sea level and sediment supply fluctuations during Termination I: An integrated sequence-straigraphy and modeling approach from the Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean). Marine Geology 287, 54-70. Shackleton, N. J. (1987), Oxygen isotopes, ice volume and sea level, Quaternary Science Reviews 6, 183-190, doi:10.1016/0277-3791(87)90003-5. Siddall, M., Kaplan, M.R., Schaefer, J.M., Putnam, A., Kelly, M.A., Goehring, B., 2010. Changing influence of Antarctic and Greenlandic temperature records on sea-level over the last glacial cycle. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 410-423. Syvitski, J.P.M., Hutton, E.W.H., 2001. 2D SEDFLUX 1.0C: an advanced process-response numerical model for the fill of sedimentary basins. Computer & Geosciences 27 (6), 731- 754. cc3101d453dc991a50cfd41797e3e3acd0d3c58a 39 38 2013-08-29T02:10:22Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Vittorio Maselli1,*, Eric W. Hutton2, Albert J. Kettner2, James P.M. Syvitski2 and Fabio Trincardi1 1 ISMAR-CNR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy 2 INSTAAR, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA Corresponding Author: vittorio.maselli@bo.ismar.cnr.it ==Abstract== Global sea level oscillations occurring during the Quaternary were mainly the consequence of changes in solar radiation pattern, tuned by the Earth’s orbital parameters (Hays et al., 1976), which regulate the waxing and waning on ice-sheets (Shackleton, 1987). On shorter time scales, i.e. the Late Pleistocene-Holocene, the sea level oscillation, still dominated by the Milankovian cyclicity, is also modulated by internal feed-back processes in the ice-ocean-atmosphere interaction (Bond et al., 1997; Clark et al., 2002), resulting in a step-like eustatic rise, with at least two periods of dramatically enhanced rates of ice melting and consequently sea level rise (Fairbanks, 1989). Although the overall timing and magnitude of the post-glacial sea level rise is well constrained (Bard et al., 1990; 1996), some uncertainties remain particularly around the Bolling-Allerod to Younger Dryas transition (Siddall et al., 2010; Carlson, 2010). Here we try to quantify small-scale sea level oscillations that possibly occurred during this interval (14 -11 kyr BP) by simulating the deposition of the central Adriatic transgressive record (Maselli et al., 2011). This deposit consists of a tripartite sedimentary body with a central unit formed by a two steps prograding wedge with an internal unconformity (Cattaneo and Trincardi, 1999). The simulations are obtained by coupling two numerical models (Maselli et al., 2011), and are supported by sequence-stratigraphy analyses, core samples and 14C age estimates (Asioli et al., 2001). Model simulations with Hydrotrend v3.0, a hydrological water balance and transport model (Kettner and Syvitski, 2008), allow to simulate the total sediment discharge to the basin, highlighting high rates of sediment delivery within the interval between 13.8 and 11.5 cal. kyr BP as a consequence of increased rates of rainfall and partial melting of the Alpine glaciers. This result has been integrated in 2D Sedflux 1.0C, a basin-fill model able to simulate the margin stratigraphy (Syvitski and Hutton, 2001), that best reproduces the complex geometry of the tripartite transgressive record by introducing a minor sea level fall during the Younger Dryas. The results obtained also document the importance of shallow water sediment architecture in understanding past sea level fluctuations. References Asioli, A., Trincardi, F., Lowe, J.J., Ariztegui, D., Langone, L., Oldfield, F., 2001. Submillennial scale climatic oscillations in the central Adriatic during the Lateglacial: palaeoceanographic implications. Quaternary Science Reviews 20, 1201-1221. Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Fairbanks, R.G., 1990. U.Th ages obtained by mass spectrometry in corals from Barbados: sea level during the past 130,000 years. Nature 346, 456-458. Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Arnold, M., Montaggioni, L., Cabioch, G., Faure, G., Rougerie, F., 1996. Deglacial sea-level record from Tahiti corals and the timing of global Meltwater discharge. Nature 382, 241-244. Bond, G., Showers, W., Cheseby, M., Lotti, R., Almasi, P., deMenocal, P., Priore, P., Cullen, H., Hajdas, I., Bonani, G., 1997. A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates. Science 278, 1257-1266. Carlson, A.E., 2010. What caused the Younger Dryas cold event? Geology 38, 383-384. Cattaneo, A., Trincardi, F., 1999. The late-Quaternary transgressive record in the Adriatic epicontinental sea: Basin widening and facies partitioning, in: Bergman, K., Snedden, J. (Eds.), Isolated Shallow Marine Sand Bodies: Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis and Sedimentologic Interpretation. SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) Special Publication, Tulsa, pp. 127-146 Clark, P.U., Pisias, N.G., Stocker, T.F., Weaver, A.J., 2002. The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change. Nature 415, 863-869. Fairbanks, R.G., 1989. A 17.000-yr glacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature 342, 637-642. Hays, J.D., Imbrie, J., Shackelton, N.J., 1976. Variations in the earth’s orbit: pacemaker of the ice ages? Science 194, 1121-1132. Kettner, A.J., Syvitski, J.P.M., 2008a. Hydrotrend v.3.0: A climate-driven hydrological transport model that simulates discharge and sediment load leaving a river system. Computers & Geosciences 34, 1170-1183. Maselli, V., Kettner, A.J., Syvitski, J.P.M., Hutton, E.W.H., Trincardi F., 2011. High-frequency sea level and sediment supply fluctuations during Termination I: An integrated sequence-straigraphy and modeling approach from the Adriatic Sea (Central Mediterranean). Marine Geology 287, 54-70. Shackleton, N. J. (1987), Oxygen isotopes, ice volume and sea level, Quaternary Science Reviews 6, 183-190, doi:10.1016/0277-3791(87)90003-5. Siddall, M., Kaplan, M.R., Schaefer, J.M., Putnam, A., Kelly, M.A., Goehring, B., 2010. Changing influence of Antarctic and Greenlandic temperature records on sea-level over the last glacial cycle. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 410-423. Syvitski, J.P.M., Hutton, E.W.H., 2001. 2D SEDFLUX 1.0C: an advanced process-response numerical model for the fill of sedimentary basins. Computer & Geosciences 27 (6), 731- 754. 40967866255542b1b41f7ce97561360902402fb1 38 37 2013-08-29T02:04:09Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Vittorio Maselli1,*, Eric W. Hutton2, Albert J. Kettner2, James P.M. Syvitski2 and Fabio Trincardi1 1 ISMAR-CNR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy 2 INSTAAR, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA Corresponding Author: vittorio.maselli@bo.ismar.cnr.it ==Abstract== Global sea level oscillations occurring during the Quaternary were mainly the consequence of changes in solar radiation pattern, tuned by the Earth’s orbital parameters (Hays et al., 1976), which regulate the waxing and waning on ice-sheets (Shackleton, 1987). On shorter time scales, i.e. the Late Pleistocene-Holocene, the sea level oscillation, still dominated by the Milankovian cyclicity, is also modulated by internal feed-back processes in the ice-ocean-atmosphere interaction (Bond et al., 1997; Clark et al., 2002), resulting in a step-like eustatic rise, with at least two periods of dramatically enhanced rates of ice melting and consequently sea level rise (Fairbanks, 1989). Although the overall timing and magnitude of the post-glacial sea level rise is well constrained (Bard et al., 1990; 1996), some uncertainties remain particularly around the Bolling-Allerod to Younger Dryas transition (Siddall et al., 2010; Carlson, 2010). Here we try to quantify small-scale sea level oscillations that possibly occurred during this interval (14 -11 kyr BP) by simulating the deposition of the central Adriatic transgressive record (Maselli et al., 2011). This deposit consists of a tripartite sedimentary body with a central unit formed by a two steps prograding wedge with an internal unconformity (Cattaneo and Trincardi, 1999). The simulations are obtained by coupling two numerical models (Maselli et al., 2011), and are supported by sequence-stratigraphy analyses, core samples and 14C age estimates (Asioli et al., 2001). Model simulations with Hydrotrend v3.0, a hydrological water balance and transport model (Kettner and Syvitski, 2008), allow to simulate the total sediment discharge to the basin, highlighting high rates of sediment delivery within the interval between 13.8 and 11.5 cal. kyr BP as a consequence of increased rates of rainfall and partial melting of the Alpine glaciers. This result has been integrated in 2D Sedflux 1.0C, a basin-fill model able to simulate the margin stratigraphy (Syvitski and Hutton, 2001), that best reproduces the complex geometry of the tripartite transgressive record by introducing a minor sea level fall during the Younger Dryas. The results obtained also document the importance of shallow water sediment architecture in understanding past sea level fluctuations. c0e9a3b8bf6d480f76737f4653bf9d446e4da426 37 2013-08-29T02:03:55Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Vittorio Maselli1,*, Eric W. Hutton2, Albert J. Kettner2, James P.M. Syvitski2 and Fabio Trincardi1 1 ISMAR-CNR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Via Gobetti 101, 40..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Vittorio Maselli1,*, Eric W. Hutton2, Albert J. Kettner2, James P.M. Syvitski2 and Fabio Trincardi1 1 ISMAR-CNR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy 2 INSTAAR, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA Corresponding Author: vittorio.maselli@bo.ismar.cnr.it ==Abstract== Global sea level oscillations occurring during the Quaternary were mainly the consequence of changes in solar radiation pattern, tuned by the Earth’s orbital parameters (Hays et al., 1976), which regulate the waxing and waning on ice-sheets (Shackleton, 1987). On shorter time scales, i.e. the Late Pleistocene-Holocene, the sea level oscillation, still dominated by the Milankovian cyclicity, is also modulated by internal feed-back processes in the ice-ocean-atmosphere interaction (Bond et al., 1997; Clark et al., 2002), resulting in a step-like eustatic rise, with at least two periods of dramatically enhanced rates of ice melting and consequently sea level rise (Fairbanks, 1989). Although the overall timing and magnitude of the post-glacial sea level rise is well constrained (Bard et al., 1990; 1996), some uncertainties remain particularly around the Bolling-Allerod to Younger Dryas transition (Siddall et al., 2010; Carlson, 2010). Here we try to quantify small-scale sea level oscillations that possibly occurred during this interval (14 -11 kyr BP) by simulating the deposition of the central Adriatic transgressive record (Maselli et al., 2011). This deposit consists of a tripartite sedimentary body with a central unit formed by a two steps prograding wedge with an internal unconformity (Cattaneo and Trincardi, 1999). The simulations are obtained by coupling two numerical models (Maselli et al., 2011), and are supported by sequence-stratigraphy analyses, core samples and 14C age estimates (Asioli et al., 2001). Model simulations with Hydrotrend v3.0, a hydrological water balance and transport model (Kettner and Syvitski, 2008), allow to simulate the total sediment discharge to the basin, highlighting high rates of sediment delivery within the interval between 13.8 and 11.5 cal. kyr BP as a consequence of increased rates of rainfall and partial melting of the Alpine glaciers. This result has been integrated in 2D Sedflux 1.0C, a basin-fill model able to simulate the margin stratigraphy (Syvitski and Hutton, 2001), that best reproduces the complex geometry of the tripartite transgressive record by introducing a minor sea level fall during the Younger Dryas. The results obtained also document the importance of shallow water sediment architecture in understanding past sea level fluctuations. 7addb05acdeef66396b27767bd91826591adfa35 0 13 41 2013-08-29T02:13:42Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Yuka Miyake1, Toshifumi Komatsu1, Makoto Manabe2, Ren Hirayama3 and Takanobu Tsuihiji4 1Kumamoto Univ., 2Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., 3Waseda Univ., 4Tokyo Univ. e-mai..." wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Yuka Miyake1, Toshifumi Komatsu1, Makoto Manabe2, Ren Hirayama3 and Takanobu Tsuihiji4 1Kumamoto Univ., 2Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., 3Waseda Univ., 4Tokyo Univ. e-mail : y.m.ctty@gmail.com ==Abstract== Several new vertebrate fossil sites were found recently in the Kashima and Taira areas, Koshiki-jima Islands, western Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. In these areas, the Upper Cretaceous Campanian to Maastrichitian Himenoura Group crops out widely, and is composed mainly of non-marine and shallow marine deposits. We recognized fluvial, tidal flat, shoreface, shelf and slope facies in the Imuta and Taira formations on the basis of facies analysis. Non-marine vertebrate fossils such as teeth and bones of reptiles (including dinosaurs, crocodilians and aquatic turtles) and fish scales were found in these various depositional environments from fluvial to submarine slope. Abundant vertebrate remains were obtained from lag deposits on the basal surface of fluvial channel, sand bar, point bar and swamp in the back marsh. The swamp and these bar deposits yielded moderately well-preserved remains composed of teeth and bones of theropods and crocodilians, isolated shells of trionychoid aquatic turtles (Adocus sp.; Carettochelyidae, gen., et sp. indet; Trionychidae, gen., et sp. indet), and a fish bone having an enameloid layer on the surface (probably an infraorbital) in the Kashima area. In the swamp deposits composed of organic-rich black mudstone and rarely containing laminated sandy layers, in-situ roots, and plants, vertebrate fossil remains form sparsely scattered micro-bone beds (40cm in thickness). In addition, poorly-preserved fragments of vertebrate remains are common in fluvial channel-fill lag deposits. Several costal fragments of turtles (e.g. Trionychidae, gen., et sp. indet) and many bone fragments were found in the tidal flat, tidal sand bar and tidal channel deposits, and co-occurred with oyster (Crassostrea) colonies preserved in-situ and brackish-water bivalves such as Crassostrea and Corbula. These vertebrate remains are characterized by poor preservations and disarticulations, and are obtained from tidal sand bar deposits (tidal bundle sandstone beds) containing some double mud drapes. Poorly-preserved costal fragments of soft-shelled turtle (Trionychidae, gen., et sp. indet) and vertebrate bones were occasionally preserved in the debris flow deposits composed of gravelly mudstone, and co-occured with shallow marine and brackish-water bivalves (e.g. Glycymeris amakusensis, Corbula ushibukensis and Crassostrea sp.), extraformational clasts and abundant rip-up mud clasts. Costal fragments of soft-shelled turtle were found in various depositional facies indicating fluvial, costal and slope environments. Such fragments from slope deposits had probably been transported to offshore environments by debris flow. fab04f3e49cab832e7204566b22480f02b933197 0 14 97 43 2013-08-30T02:52:41Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Robert Mahon & Brandon McElroy Affiliation: Department of Geology & Geophysics University of Wyoming Contact: bmcelroy@uwyo.edu ==Abstract== The sedimentary record provides many opportunities to recreatepast environmental conditions. The geometry of fluvial strata isone of the promising new avenues for estimating paleo-flowhydraulics and morphodynamic conditions. Sandy beds evolvestochastically, and as a result their dynamics are appropriatelycaptured by a kinematic wave equation with a source-sink term.In essence the source sink term represents all of the topographicchanges to a bed in its Lagrangian reference frame and is termeddeformation. Deformation gradients are dimensionally consistentwith the curvature of set boundaries. In order to use this relation to determine hydraulic conditions, the dependence ofdeformation on sediment hydrodynamics must be resolved. We hypothesize that deformation is a function of Rouse number suchthat it is maximized within the stability field for dunes. This will be explored and tested with a series of laboratoryexperiments recording hydraulics, sediment dynamics, bedevolution, and resultant stratigraphy. These results will provide a new tool for extracting past environmental conditionsfrom ancient fluvial deposits. [[File:McElroyPoster.jpg]] 6bcc36ec9a7059ba262ffd82be744aaac9603681 43 42 2013-08-29T02:15:39Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Robert Mahon & Brandon McElroy Affiliation: Department of Geology & Geophysics University of Wyoming Contact: bmcelroy@uwyo.edu ==Abstract== The sedimentary record provides many opportunities to recreatepast environmental conditions. The geometry of fluvial strata isone of the promising new avenues for estimating paleo-flowhydraulics and morphodynamic conditions. Sandy beds evolvestochastically, and as a result their dynamics are appropriatelycaptured by a kinematic wave equation with a source-sink term.In essence the source sink term represents all of the topographicchanges to a bed in its Lagrangian reference frame and is termeddeformation. Deformation gradients are dimensionally consistentwith the curvature of set boundaries. In order to use this relation to determine hydraulic conditions, the dependence ofdeformation on sediment hydrodynamics must be resolved. We hypothesize that deformation is a function of Rouse number suchthat it is maximized within the stability field for dunes. This will be explored and tested with a series of laboratoryexperiments recording hydraulics, sediment dynamics, bedevolution, and resultant stratigraphy. These results will provide a new tool for extracting past environmental conditionsfrom ancient fluvial deposits. a5aae01e9152fd2ffb1c5f1445140ac1d5ad750c 42 2013-08-29T02:14:56Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "==Authors== Robert Mahon & Brandon McElroy Affiliation: Department of Geology & Geophysics University of Wyoming Contact: bmcelroy@uwyo.edu" wikitext text/x-wiki ==Authors== Robert Mahon & Brandon McElroy Affiliation: Department of Geology & Geophysics University of Wyoming Contact: bmcelroy@uwyo.edu 66b76de27ef2099296bc76ae9401c84d193e959c 0 1 29 23 2013-08-29T01:45:37Z Narusehajime 1 /* (4) Oral and Poster presentations */ wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. == location and date == ;Date : August 28-30th 2013 ;Location : Nagasaki University (Japan) Global Education and Student Support Center, Room G-38 [https://maps.google.co.jp/maps/ms?msid=210289316681173010764.0004e4e8b89d4f013b47e&msa=0&ll=32.785398,129.865651&spn=0.004564,0.010418 Access Map] == Organizing committee == *Tetsuji Muto (Nagasaki University) *Gary Parker (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagin) *Hajime Naruse (Kyoto University) *Tomohiro Sekiguchi (University of Tsukuba) *Wonsuck Kim (University of Texas at Austin) *Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology) *Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University) == Registration == To register please contact the organizing committee at stratodynamics@gmail.com ;Registration deadline : July 15th 2013 No registration fee. == Contents of the Workshop == ===(1) A New Web Textbook for sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy === Invited speakers will give talks about the review of several research fields in the workshop. The contents of talks will be uploaded onto the workshop website, with the aim of producing a free web textbook of sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy. The web site will be continuously updated and improved by participants of the workshop. [[Review Talks | See details here]] ===(2) Small-Group Discussion Sessions === Small-group discussions about research topics relevant to each participant will be conducted in the workshop. Each group will be composed of 4-5 people, including a mix of students, younger researchers and experienced researchers. ===(3) Flume experiments === Experiments will be designed and conducted for interactive discussion with the participants. Experiments on bedforms formed by density currents and 2D deltaic response to sea-level change are tentatively planned, but the experimental plan can be changed according to the desires of the participants. ===(4) Oral and Poster presentations === We welcome submission of abstracts for oral and poster presentations. There will be 3 hours sessions for presentations of participants per each day. [[Presentations | See details here]] == Schedule == :[[Workshop Schedule|See details here]] 0e8f51dd3ed39dce257e1ea55c2c5e84240ed44a 23 16 2013-08-29T01:12:50Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. == location and date == ;Date : August 28-30th 2013 ;Location : Nagasaki University (Japan) Global Education and Student Support Center, Room G-38 [https://maps.google.co.jp/maps/ms?msid=210289316681173010764.0004e4e8b89d4f013b47e&msa=0&ll=32.785398,129.865651&spn=0.004564,0.010418 Access Map] == Organizing committee == *Tetsuji Muto (Nagasaki University) *Gary Parker (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagin) *Hajime Naruse (Kyoto University) *Tomohiro Sekiguchi (University of Tsukuba) *Wonsuck Kim (University of Texas at Austin) *Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology) *Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University) == Registration == To register please contact the organizing committee at stratodynamics@gmail.com ;Registration deadline : July 15th 2013 No registration fee. == Contents of the Workshop == ===(1) A New Web Textbook for sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy === Invited speakers will give talks about the review of several research fields in the workshop. The contents of talks will be uploaded onto the workshop website, with the aim of producing a free web textbook of sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy. The web site will be continuously updated and improved by participants of the workshop. [[Review Talks | See details here]] ===(2) Small-Group Discussion Sessions === Small-group discussions about research topics relevant to each participant will be conducted in the workshop. Each group will be composed of 4-5 people, including a mix of students, younger researchers and experienced researchers. ===(3) Flume experiments === Experiments will be designed and conducted for interactive discussion with the participants. Experiments on bedforms formed by density currents and 2D deltaic response to sea-level change are tentatively planned, but the experimental plan can be changed according to the desires of the participants. ===(4) Oral and Poster presentations === We welcome submission of abstracts for oral and poster presentations. There will be 3 hours sessions for presentations of participants per each day. == Schedule == :[[Workshop Schedule|See details here]] acac81a47cdc9280fd13ac759ab45bd7f43bff5b 16 15 2013-08-28T22:46:27Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. == location and date == ;Date : August 28-30th 2013 ;Location : Nagasaki University (Japan) Global Education and Student Support Center, Room G-38 [https://maps.google.co.jp/maps/ms?msid=210289316681173010764.0004e4e8b89d4f013b47e&msa=0&ll=32.785398,129.865651&spn=0.004564,0.010418 Access Map] == Organizing committee == *Tetsuji Muto (Nagasaki University) *Gary Parker (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagin) *Hajime Naruse (Kyoto University) *Tomohiro Sekiguchi (University of Tsukuba) *Wonsuck Kim (University of Texas at Austin) *Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology) *Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University) == Registration == To register please contact the organizing committee at stratodynamics@gmail.com ;Registration deadline : July 15th 2013 No registration fee. == Contents of the Workshop == ===(1) A New Web Textbook for sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy === Invited speakers will give talks about the review of several research fields in the workshop. The contents of talks will be uploaded onto the workshop website, with the aim of producing a free web textbook of sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy. The web site will be continuously updated and improved by participants of the workshop. ===(2) Small-Group Discussion Sessions === Small-group discussions about research topics relevant to each participant will be conducted in the workshop. Each group will be composed of 4-5 people, including a mix of students, younger researchers and experienced researchers. ===(3) Flume experiments === Experiments will be designed and conducted for interactive discussion with the participants. Experiments on bedforms formed by density currents and 2D deltaic response to sea-level change are tentatively planned, but the experimental plan can be changed according to the desires of the participants. ===(4) Oral and Poster presentations === We welcome submission of abstracts for oral and poster presentations. There will be 3 hours sessions for presentations of participants per each day. == Schedule == :[[Workshop Schedule|See details here]] c185fc98de85b2e2f06df7738a3ce3e97c7a14de 15 14 2013-08-27T14:20:37Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. == location and date == ;Date : August 28-30th 2013 ;Location : Nagasaki University (Japan) Global Education and Student Support Center, Room G-38 [https://maps.google.co.jp/maps/ms?msid=210289316681173010764.0004e4e8b89d4f013b47e&msa=0&ll=32.785398,129.865651&spn=0.004564,0.010418 Access Map] == Organizing committee == *Tetsuji Muto (Nagasaki University) *Gary Parker (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champagin) *Hajime Naruse (Kyoto University) *Tomohiro Sekiguchi (University of Tsukuba) *Wonsuck Kim (University of Texas at Austin) *Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology) *Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University) == Registration == To register please contact the organizing committee at stratodynamics@gmail.com ;Registration deadline : July 15th 2013 No registration fee. == Contents of the Workshop == ===(1) A New Web Textbook for sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy === Invited speakers will give talks about the review of several research fields in the workshop. The contents of talks will be uploaded onto the workshop website, with the aim of producing a free web textbook of sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy. The web site will be continuously updated and improved by participants of the workshop. ===(2) Small-Group Discussion Sessions === Small-group discussions about research topics relevant to each participant will be conducted in the workshop. Each group will be composed of 4-5 people, including a mix of students, younger researchers and experienced researchers. ===(3) Flume experiments === Experiments will be designed and conducted for interactive discussion with the participants. Experiments on bedforms formed by density currents and 2D deltaic response to sea-level change are tentatively planned, but the experimental plan can be changed according to the desires of the participants. ===(4) Oral and Poster presentations === We welcome submission of abstracts for oral and poster presentations. There will be 3 hours sessions for presentations of participants per each day. ;Abstract submission deadline: July 31st 2013 ;E-mail abstracts to: stratodynamics@gmail.com == Schedule == === Preparation (August 26-27th 2013) === Setup of experimental facilities by volunteers === First Day (August 28th) === 9:00-11:00: Review talks 11:00-12:00: Poster presentation 13:00-14:30: Oral presentation 15:00-17:30: Group discussion/experiments === Second Day (August 29th) === 9:00-11:00: Review talks 11:00-12:00: Poster presentation 13:00-15:00: Oral presentation 15:30-17:30: Group discussion/experiments === Third Day (August 30th) === 9:00-11:00: Review talks 11:00-12:00: Poster presentation 13:00-15:00: Oral presentation 15:30-17:30: General discussion by all participants 19522c6e37d6c26f9f63490473c9f78a7c057ee4 14 13 2013-08-27T08:57:12Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki =='''MediaWiki has been successfully installed.'''== Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] == This is a test == cb1066353d19c45586692793a4ed77b59e091ffd 13 12 2013-08-27T08:56:32Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MediaWiki has been successfully installed.''' Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] 678d21d1a2ff9fd446dcad01da0b30b375eb7a4d 12 11 2013-08-27T08:55:42Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based *on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will cussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. ;test :test #test ##test edit this edit this 2 This is problematic. 49469195364b96b392db451e0e7416f9a725ed33 11 10 2013-08-27T08:39:14Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based *on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will cussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. ;test :test #test ##test edit this bed15a993bd89f9e3d5251cdd0235226691f4c62 10 9 2013-08-27T08:34:27Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based *on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will cussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. ;test :test #test ##test 40a548c0a6f2145d598dd7ecfaf7115a4c63a4cc 9 8 2013-08-27T01:27:12Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based *on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will cussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the wokshop program. ;test :test b8031c6d79be6466603f8a177d9337d28e2a7720 8 7 2013-08-27T01:23:47Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based *on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. ;test :test e0dea0e37e9badec2086be77057a65fe7fef4bff 7 6 2013-08-27T01:02:11Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. 24b27a71a48e3a98247d94cff9d9e449ab7a7fa2 6 5 2013-08-27T01:01:08Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki This is a test page of the Stratodynamics web site. We ''recommend'' you to edit '''this page''' Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] ==this is a test== dd461076e4e80f5ace4eb385e7b175ed528e285c 5 4 2013-08-27T00:58:20Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == International Workshop Stratodynamics == The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. 24b27a71a48e3a98247d94cff9d9e449ab7a7fa2 4 3 2013-08-26T15:17:00Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Information == This is a test page of the Stratodynamics web site. We ''recommend'' you to edit '''this page''' Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] ===Section heading=== # item 1 ## item 2 ### item 3 * item 1 ** item 2 *** item 3 6cf3081be4f5727d5d3dba28ed400c03250b59a5 3 2 2013-08-26T15:10:57Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki =Information= This is a test page of the Stratodynamics web site. We ''recommend'' you to edit '''this page''' Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] ===Section heading=== + item 1 - item 2 * item 3 ac84c73ce21886e1b01f66513e277b5ab607ec60 2 1 2013-08-26T15:01:27Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki This is a test page of the Stratodynamics web site. We ''recommend'' you to edit '''this page''' Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] 4d2ebaadcb5d3ac28018893c7c8557ce92766813 1 2013-08-26T14:36:54Z MediaWiki default 0 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MediaWiki has been successfully installed.''' Consult the [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software. == Getting started == * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list] * [//www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language] 678d21d1a2ff9fd446dcad01da0b30b375eb7a4d 0 6 30 2013-08-29T01:46:35Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "== Oral and Poster Presentations == {| |Raleigh L. Martin |[[(1) Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed]] |- |Kealie Goodwin |(2) Armor Deve..." wikitext text/x-wiki == Oral and Poster Presentations == {| |Raleigh L. Martin |[[(1) Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed]] |- |Kealie Goodwin |[[(2) Armor Development from Decapitated Flash Flood Bores in Supply-Limited Flume Experiments]] |- |Gary Parker |[[(3) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CONNECTIVITY IN MEANDERING RIVERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATIGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF BURIED CHANNELS]] |- |Tomoyuki Sato |[[(4) Oblique shoreline progradation during the Quaternary regressive stage: case study from Yufutsu Plain, Hokkaido, Northern Japan]] |- |Hideki Miura |[[(5) Holocene Beach landform and sedimentary structure affected by glacial-isostatic rebound in East Antarctic]] |- |Minao Sakurai |[[(6)Structure and development of the Holocene sandy gravel spit in the Osaka Plain]] |- |Vittorio Maselli |[[(7) SEA LEVEL AND SEDIMENT SUPPLY FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE BOLLING-ALLEROD TO YOUNGER DRYAS TRANSITION REVEALED BY A 2D NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE CENTRAL ADRIATIC TRANSGRESSIVE RECORD]] |- |Yuka Miyake |[[(8) Depositional facies containing vertebrate fossils in the Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group on the Koshikijima Islands, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan]] |- |Brandon McElroy |[[(9) Determining Fluvial Flow Conditions from Bed Set Geometry]] |- |Nobuhide Nishikawa |[[(11) Response of deltas to differential water depths in the transverse direction: Tank experiments with bimodal grain-size sediment]] |- |Anastasia Piliouras |[[(12) Effects of vegetation on delta morphodynamics and sediment transport]] |- |Haruka Kuse |[[(13) Experiments of the formation of tidal channels]] |- |Shinji Sassa |[[(14) A new principle on morphodynamic stability and its application to shallow sea reclamation project]] |- |Naofumi Yamaguchi |[[(15) Autogenic submarine terrace formed by wave erosion during early stage of sea-level rise: implication from numerical experiments]] |- |Wonsuck Kim |[[(16) Coevolution of minibasin subsidence and sedimentation: Experiments]] |- |Kazuno Arai |[[(17) Dynamics of the turbidity current generated by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami]] |- |Kiichiro Kawamura |[[(18) Submarine landslides and tsunamis]] |- |Leslie Hsu |[[(19) Interaction of granular flows and their boundaries: basal forces, particle kinematics, and bed erosion measured in a large vertically rotating drum flume]] |- |Go-ichiro Uramoto |[[(20) An improved sample preparation method for imaging microstructures of fine-grained marine sediment using microfocus X-ray CT and SEM]] |- |Takuya Ishimaru |[[(21) Analysis of grain fabric in turbidite sandstone using electron backscatter diffraction in the SEM]] |- |Clara Orru |[[(22) Measuring laboratory stratigraphy through image analysis]] |- |Albert Kettner |[[(23) Advances in simulating fluvial sediment transport at basin-scale]] |- |Takashi Matsushima |[[(24) Simulation of long-term erosion-sedimentation process using particle method]] |- |Hirofumi Niiya |[[(25) Morphodynamics of dunes under unidirectional wind]] |- |Kensuke Naito |[[(26)THE FORMATION OF BOUNDARY WAVES ON THE ICE SURFACE BY TURBULENT FLOW]] |- |Tomohiro Sekiguchi |[[(27) Bedforms under polydirectional flow: a preliminary experiment using pure oscillatory flow]] |- |Shingo Numata |[[(28) Migration rate of combined-flow bedform: an analogue experiment]] |- |Keisuke Taniguchi |[[(29) 2D numerical simulation on migration and accumulation of snow bedforms]] |- |Hajime Naruse |[[(30) Experimental study of bedforms formed by supercritical density currents]] |- |} 22fa2d4bed7666cdb2b0e8c2da0b348f7fffa694 0 5 85 84 2013-08-30T02:26:29Z Strato 2 /* (2) What sets the size of river deltas */ wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas? == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (Caltech). [[What sets the size of river deltas?|See details here]] == (3) Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents|See details here]] == (4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms|See details here]] 59c7866342abcd99cffd3ddb3808735a94b142aa 84 75 2013-08-30T02:26:08Z Strato 2 /* (2) What sets the size of river deltas */ wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (Caltech). [[What sets the size of river deltas?|See details here]] == (3) Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents|See details here]] == (4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms|See details here]] e62ca9a2e321e80abff1612cc3bc48f3a1fc881c 75 70 2013-08-30T00:50:48Z Narusehajime 1 /* (4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms */ wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (CalTech). [[What sets the size of river deltas|See details here]] == (3) Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents|See details here]] == (4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Theoretical Aspects of the Formation of River Bedforms|See details here]] b921d99f68532dbc1dfb07e6b0e8f88fc560d767 70 27 2013-08-30T00:16:46Z Strato 2 /* (3) Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows */ wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (CalTech). [[What sets the size of river deltas|See details here]] == (3) Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Stratodynamics: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Formed by Currents|See details here]] == (4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows|See details here]] d2a6e0f82d11173e66f0befe78449a0d05890c0e 27 26 2013-08-29T01:23:56Z Strato 2 Review Talks given in the workshop wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (CalTech). [[What sets the size of river deltas|See details here]] == (3) Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows|See details here]] == (4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows|See details here]] 313a5d17e62be70f208b0d5ac7f89e59ada4d103 26 25 2013-08-29T01:23:20Z Strato 2 /* (2) What sets the size of river deltas */ wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (CalTech). [[What sets the size of river deltas|See details here]] == (3) Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows|See details here]] == (4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows|See details here]] 6c303ef93e1d6a2b4e7885415380962a46525632 25 24 2013-08-29T01:23:03Z Strato 2 /* (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas */ wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (CalTech). [[What sets the size of river deltas|See details here]] == (3) Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows|See details here]] == (4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows|See details here]] 86fbafebbcd9f397d7bfe7c895b14e9105a89af9 24 2013-08-29T01:21:54Z Strato 2 Created page with "== (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and ..." wikitext text/x-wiki == (1) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas == This talk was given by Astrid Blom (Delft University of Technology). [[Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas|See details here]] == (2) What sets the size of river deltas == This talk was given by Michael Lamb (CalTech). [[What sets the size of river deltas|See details here]] == (3) Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows == This talk was given by Miwa Yokokawa (Osaka Institute of Technology). [[Bedforms formed by oscillatory and combined flows|See details here]] == (4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows == This talk was given by Norihiro Izumi (Hokkaido University). [[(4) Bedforms formed by unidirectional flows|See details here]] b8ff2c5fdf85b8f569cc3d860464596cf2c1c446 0 54 116 115 2013-09-05T15:11:31Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Talk slides:== [[File:Astrid_Blom_Stratodynamics.pdf]] 27e400e98ef64b5af7c7d16d6868f6041c1a15c3 115 2013-09-05T15:11:04Z Strato 2 Created page with "Talk slides: [[File:Astrid_Blom_Stratodynamics.pdf]]" wikitext text/x-wiki Talk slides: [[File:Astrid_Blom_Stratodynamics.pdf]] b47872a52eac7a08724239ebd3af44d43f32845d 0 46 94 2013-08-30T02:43:32Z Strato 2 Created page with "[[Media:Lamb_deltas_webpost.pdf]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Media:Lamb_deltas_webpost.pdf]] ee768da761ac0aa07371ad4e42c591527f9ef3a2 0 2 22 21 2013-08-29T01:09:20Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == Day 1 (Aug. 28) == {| |9:00 - 9:45 |Review Talk |Astrid Blom |[[(0) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas]] |- |9:45 - 10:00 |Break |- |10:00 - 10:10 |Oral Presentation |Raleigh L. Martin |[[(1) Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed]] |- |10:10 - 10:20 |Oral Presentation |Kealie Goodwin |[[(2) Armor Development from Decapitated Flash Flood Bores in Supply-Limited Flume Experiments]] |- |10:20 - 10:30 |Oral Presentation |Gary Parker |[[(3) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CONNECTIVITY IN MEANDERING RIVERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATIGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF BURIED CHANNELS]] |- |10:30 - 10:40 |Oral Presentation |Tomoyuki Sato |[[(4) Oblique shoreline progradation during the Quaternary regressive stage: case study from Yufutsu Plain, Hokkaido, Northern Japan]] |- |10:40 - 10:55 |Break |- |10:55 - 11:05 |Oral Presentation |Hideki Miura |[[(5) Holocene Beach landform and sedimentary structure affected by glacial-isostatic rebound in East Antarctic]] |- |11:05 - 11:15 |Oral Presentation |Minao Sakurai |[[(6)Structure and development of the Holocene sandy gravel spit in the Osaka Plain]] |- |11:15 - 11:25 |Oral Presentation |Vittorio Maselli |[[(7) SEA LEVEL AND SEDIMENT SUPPLY FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE BOLLING-ALLEROD TO YOUNGER DRYAS TRANSITION REVEALED BY A 2D NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE CENTRAL ADRIATIC TRANSGRESSIVE RECORD]] |- |11:25 - 11:35 |Oral Presentation |Yuka Miyake |[[(8) Depositional facies containing vertebrate fossils in the Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group on the Koshikijima Islands, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan]] |- |11:35 - 11:45 |Oral Presentation |Brandon McElroy |[[(9) Determining Fluvial Flow Conditions from Bed Set Geometry]] |- |11:45 - 12:45 |Lunch |- |12:45 - 14:45 |Poster Presentation |- |14:45 - 15:00 |Break |- |15:00 - 17:00 |Experiments/Group Discussion |- |18:00 - 21:00 |Welcome Reception |- |} == Day 2 (Aug. 29th) == {| |9:00 - 9:45 |Review Talk |Michael Lamb |[[What sets the size of river deltas]] |- |9:45 - 10:00 |Break |- |10:00 - 10:10 |Oral Presentation |Shafi Noor Islam |[[(10) The Development and Changes of Coastal Landscape Morphology of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Mega Delta in Bangladesh]] |- |10:10 - 10:20 |Oral Presentation |Nobuhide Nishikawa |[[(11) Response of deltas to differential water depths in the transverse direction: Tank experiments with bimodal grain-size sediment]] |- |10:20 - 10:30 |Oral Presentation |Anastasia Piliouras |[[(12) Effects of vegetation on delta morphodynamics and sediment transport]] |- |10:30 - 10:40 |Oral Presentation |Haruka Kuse |[[(13) Experiments of the formation of tidal channels]] |- |10:40 - 10:50 |Oral Presentation |Shinji Sassa |[[(14) A new principle on morphodynamic stability and its application to shallow sea reclamation project]] |- |10:50 - 11:00 | Oral Presentation |Naofumi Yamaguchi |[[(15) Autogenic submarine terrace formed by wave erosion during early stage of sea-level rise: implication from numerical experiments]] |- |11:00 - 11:15 |Break |- |11:15 - 11:25 |Oral Presentation |Wonsuck Kim |[[(16) Coevolution of minibasin subsidence and sedimentation: Experiments]] |- |11:25 - 11:35 |Oral Presentation |Kazuno Arai |[[(17) Dynamics of the turbidity current generated by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami]] |- |11:35 - 11:45 |Oral Presentation |Kiichiro Kawamura |[[(18) Submarine landslides and tsunamis]] |- |11:45 - 11:55 |Oral Presentation |Leslie Hsu |[[(19) Interaction of granular flows and their boundaries: basal forces, particle kinematics, and bed erosion measured in a large vertically rotating drum flume]] |- |11:55 - 12:05 |Oral Presentation |Go-ichiro Uramoto |[[(20) An improved sample preparation method for imaging microstructures of fine-grained marine sediment using microfocus X-ray CT and SEM]] |- |12:05 - 12:15 |Oral Presentation |Takuya Ishimaru |[[(21) Analysis of grain fabric in turbidite sandstone using electron backscatter diffraction in the SEM]] |- |12:15 - 12:25 |Oral Presentation |Clara Orru |[[(22) Measuring laboratory stratigraphy through image analysis]] |- |12:25 - 13:25 |Lunch |- |13:25 - 15:25 |Poster Presentation |- |15:25 - 15:40 |Break |- |15:40 - 17:40 |Experiments/Group Discussion |- |} == Day 3 (Aug. 30th) == {| |9:00 - 9:45 | Review Talk |Miwa Yokokawa |To be announced |- |9:45 - 10:30 |Review Talk |Norihiro Izumi |To be announced |- |10:30 - 10:50 |Break |- |10:50 - 11:00 |Oral Presentaton |Albert Kettner |[[(23) Advances in simulating fluvial sediment transport at basin-scale]] |- |11:00 - 11:10 |Oral Presentation |Takashi Matsushima |[[(24) Simulation of long-term erosion-sedimentation process using particle method]] |- |11:10 - 11:20 |Oral Presentaton |Hirofumi Niiya |[[(25) Morphodynamics of dunes under unidirectional wind]] |- |11:20 - 11:30 |Oral Presentaton |Kensuke Naito |[[(26)THE FORMATION OF BOUNDARY WAVES ON THE ICE SURFACE BY TURBULENT FLOW]] |- |11:30 - 11:45 |Break |- |11:45 - 11:55 |Oral Presentaton |Tomohiro Sekiguchi |[[(27) Bedforms under polydirectional flow: a preliminary experiment using pure oscillatory flow]] |- |11:55 - 12:05 |Oral Presentaton |Shingo Numata |[[(28) Migration rate of combined-flow bedform: an analogue experiment]] |- |12:05 - 12:15 |Oral Presentaton |Keisuke Taniguchi |[[(29) 2D numerical simulation on migration and accumulation of snow bedforms]] |- |12:15 - 12:25 |Oral Presentaton |Hajime Naruse |[[(30) Experimental study of bedforms formed by supercritical density currents]] |- |12:25 - 13:25 |Lunch |- |13:25 - 15:25 |Poster Presentation |- |15:25 - 15:40 |Break |- |15:40 - 17:10 |General Discussion |- |17:10 - 17:30 |Closing |- |} 2043de55d4b561a3f7657db721b76b9c80077abd 21 19 2013-08-28T23:21:59Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Day 1 (Aug. 28) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Astrid Blom [[(0) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas]] *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Raleigh L. Martin [[(1) Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed]] *10:10 - 10:20 Oral Presentation Kealie Goodwin [[(2) Armor Development from Decapitated Flash Flood Bores in Supply-Limited Flume Experiments]] *10:20 - 10:30 Oral Presentation Gary Parker [[(3) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CONNECTIVITY IN MEANDERING RIVERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATIGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF BURIED CHANNELS]] *10:30 - 10:40 Oral Presentation Tomoyuki Sato [[(4) Oblique shoreline progradation during the Quaternary regressive stage: case study from Yufutsu Plain, Hokkaido, Northern Japan]] *10:40 - 10:55 Break *10:55 - 11:05 Oral Presentation Hideki Miura [[(5) Holocene Beach landform and sedimentary structure affected by glacial-isostatic rebound in East Antarctic]] *11:05 - 11:15 Oral Presentation Minao Sakurai [[(6)Structure and development of the Holocene sandy gravel spit in the Osaka Plain]] *11:15 - 11:25 Oral Presentation Vittorio Maselli [[(7) SEA LEVEL AND SEDIMENT SUPPLY FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE BÖLLING-ALLERØD TO YOUNGER DRYAS TRANSITION REVEALED BY A 2D NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE CENTRAL ADRIATIC TRANSGRESSIVE RECORD]] *11:25 - 11:35 Oral Presentation Yuka Miyake [[(8) Depositional facies containing vertebrate fossils in the Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group on the Koshikijima Islands, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan]] *11:35 - 11:45 Oral Presentation Brandon McElroy [[(9) Determining Fluvial Flow Conditions from Bed Set Geometry]] *11:45 - 12:45 Lunch *12:45 - 14:45 Poster Presentation *14:45 - 15:00 Break *15:00 - 17:00 Experiments/Group Discussion *18:00 - 21:00 Welcome Reception == Day 2 (Aug. 29th) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Michael Lamb [[What sets the size of river deltas]] *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Shafi Noor Islam [[(10) The Development and Changes of Coastal Landscape Morphology of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Mega Delta in Bangladesh]] *10:10 - 10:20 Oral Presentation Nobuhide Nishikawa [[(11) Response of deltas to differential water depths in the transverse direction: Tank experiments with bimodal grain-size sediment]] *10:20 - 10:30 Oral Presentation Anastasia Piliouras [[(12) Effects of vegetation on delta morphodynamics and sediment transport]] *10:30 - 10:40 Oral Presentation Haruka Kuse [[(13) Experiments of the formation of tidal channels]] *10:40 - 10:50 Oral Presentation Shinji Sassa [[(14) A new principle on morphodynamic stability and its application to shallow sea reclamation project]] *10:50 - 11:00 Oral Presentation Naofumi Yamaguchi [[(15) Autogenic submarine terrace formed by wave erosion during early stage of sea-level rise: implication from numerical experiments]] *11:00 - 11:15 Break *11:15 - 11:25 Oral Presentation Wonsuck Kim [[(16) Coevolution of minibasin subsidence and sedimentation: Experiments]] *11:25 - 11:35 Oral Presentation Kazuno Arai [[(17) Dynamics of the turbidity current generated by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami]] *11:35 - 11:45 Oral Presentation Kiichiro Kawamura (18) Submarine landslides and tsunamis *11:45 - 11:55 Oral Presentation Leslie Hsu (19) Interaction of granular flows and their boundaries: basal forces, particle kinematics, and bed erosion measured in a large vertically rotating drum flume *11:55 - 12:05 Oral Presentation Go-ichiro Uramoto (20) An improved sample preparation method for imaging microstructures of fine-grained marine sediment using microfocus X-ray CT and SEM *12:05 - 12:15 Oral Presentation Takuya Ishimaru (21) Analysis of grain fabric in turbidite sandstone using electron backscatter diffraction in the SEM *12:15 - 12:25 Oral Presentation Clara Orrú (22) Measuring laboratory stratigraphy through image analysis *12:25 - 13:25 Lunch *13:25 - 15:25 Poster Presentation *15:25 - 15:40 Break *15:40 - 17:40 Experiments/Group Discussion == Day 3 (Aug. 30th) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Miwa Yokokawa To be announced *9:45 - 10:30 Review Talk Norihiro Izumi To be announced *10:30 - 10:50 Break *10:50 - 11:00 Oral Presentaton Albert Kettner (23) Advances in simulating fluvial sediment transport at basin-scale *11:00 - 11:10 Oral Presentation Takashi Matsushima (24) Simulation of long-term erosion-sedimentation process using particle method *11:10 - 11:20 Oral Presentaton Hirofumi Niiya (25) Morphodynamics of dunes under unidirectional wind *11:20 - 11:30 Oral Presentaton Kensuke Naito (26)THE FORMATION OF BOUNDARY WAVES ON THE ICE SURFACE BY TURBULENT FLOW *11:30 - 11:45 Break *11:45 - 11:55 Oral Presentaton Tomohiro Sekiguchi (27) Bedforms under polydirectional flow: a preliminary experiment using pure oscillatory flow *11:55 - 12:05 Oral Presentaton Shingo Numata (28) Migration rate of combined-flow bedform: an analogue experiment *12:05 - 12:15 Oral Presentaton Keisuke Taniguchi (29) 2D numerical simulation on migration and accumulation of snow bedforms *12:15 - 12:25 Oral Presentaton Hajime Naruse [[(30) Experimental study of bedforms formed by supercritical density currents]] *12:25 - 13:25 Lunch *13:25 - 15:25 Poster Presentation *15:25 - 15:40 Break *15:40 - 17:10 General Discussion *17:10 - 17:30 Closing 418eaa59ee4ddde1ac2513e4d4c6261f8b4b359f 19 17 2013-08-28T23:12:41Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki == Day 1 (Aug. 28) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Astrid Blom (0) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Raleigh L. Martin (1) Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed *10:10 - 10:20 Oral Presentation Kealie Goodwin (2) Armor Development from Decapitated Flash Flood Bores in Supply-Limited Flume Experiments *10:20 - 10:30 Oral Presentation Gary Parker (3) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CONNECTIVITY IN MEANDERING RIVERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATIGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF BURIED CHANNELS *10:30 - 10:40 Oral Presentation Tomoyuki Sato (4) Oblique shoreline progradation during the Quaternary regressive stage: case study from Yufutsu Plain, Hokkaido, Northern Japan *10:40 - 10:55 Break *10:55 - 11:05 Oral Presentation Hideki Miura (5) Holocene Beach landform and sedimentary structure affected by glacial-isostatic rebound in East Antarctic *11:05 - 11:15 Oral Presentation Minao Sakurai (6)Structure and development of the Holocene sandy gravel spit in the Osaka Plain *11:15 - 11:25 Oral Presentation Vittorio Maselli (7) SEA LEVEL AND SEDIMENT SUPPLY FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE BÖLLING-ALLERØD TO YOUNGER DRYAS TRANSITION REVEALED BY A 2D NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE CENTRAL ADRIATIC TRANSGRESSIVE RECORD *11:25 - 11:35 Oral Presentation Yuka Miyake (8) Depositional facies containing vertebrate fossils in the Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group on the Koshikijima Islands, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan *11:35 - 11:45 Oral Presentation Brandon McElroy (9) Determining Fluvial Flow Conditions from Bed Set Geometry *11:45 - 12:45 Lunch *12:45 - 14:45 Poster Presentation *14:45 - 15:00 Break *15:00 - 17:00 Experiments/Group Discussion *18:00 - 21:00 Welcome Reception == Day 2 (Aug. 29th) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Michael Lamb What sets the size of river deltas *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Shafi Noor Islam (10) The Development and Changes of Coastal Landscape Morphology of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Mega Delta in Bangladesh *10:10 - 10:20 Oral Presentation Nobuhide Nishikawa (11) Response of deltas to differential water depths in the transverse direction: Tank experiments with bimodal grain-size sediment *10:20 - 10:30 Oral Presentation Anastasia Piliouras (12) Effects of vegetation on delta morphodynamics and sediment transport *10:30 - 10:40 Oral Presentation Haruka Kuse (13) Experiments of the formation of tidal channels *10:40 - 10:50 Oral Presentation Shinji Sassa (14) A new principle on morphodynamic stability and its application to shallow sea reclamation project *10:50 - 11:00 Oral Presentation Naofumi Yamaguchi (15) Autogenic submarine terrace formed by wave erosion during early stage of sea-level rise: implication from numerical experiments *11:00 - 11:15 Break *11:15 - 11:25 Oral Presentation Wonsuck Kim (16) Coevolution of minibasin subsidence and sedimentation: Experiments *11:25 - 11:35 Oral Presentation Kazuno Arai (17) Dynamics of the turbidity current generated by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami *11:35 - 11:45 Oral Presentation Kiichiro Kawamura (18) Submarine landslides and tsunamis *11:45 - 11:55 Oral Presentation Leslie Hsu (19) Interaction of granular flows and their boundaries: basal forces, particle kinematics, and bed erosion measured in a large vertically rotating drum flume *11:55 - 12:05 Oral Presentation Go-ichiro Uramoto (20) An improved sample preparation method for imaging microstructures of fine-grained marine sediment using microfocus X-ray CT and SEM *12:05 - 12:15 Oral Presentation Takuya Ishimaru (21) Analysis of grain fabric in turbidite sandstone using electron backscatter diffraction in the SEM *12:15 - 12:25 Oral Presentation Clara Orrú (22) Measuring laboratory stratigraphy through image analysis *12:25 - 13:25 Lunch *13:25 - 15:25 Poster Presentation *15:25 - 15:40 Break *15:40 - 17:40 Experiments/Group Discussion == Day 3 (Aug. 30th) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Miwa Yokokawa To be announced *9:45 - 10:30 Review Talk Norihiro Izumi To be announced *10:30 - 10:50 Break *10:50 - 11:00 Oral Presentaton Albert Kettner (23) Advances in simulating fluvial sediment transport at basin-scale *11:00 - 11:10 Oral Presentation Takashi Matsushima (24) Simulation of long-term erosion-sedimentation process using particle method *11:10 - 11:20 Oral Presentaton Hirofumi Niiya (25) Morphodynamics of dunes under unidirectional wind *11:20 - 11:30 Oral Presentaton Kensuke Naito (26)THE FORMATION OF BOUNDARY WAVES ON THE ICE SURFACE BY TURBULENT FLOW *11:30 - 11:45 Break *11:45 - 11:55 Oral Presentaton Tomohiro Sekiguchi (27) Bedforms under polydirectional flow: a preliminary experiment using pure oscillatory flow *11:55 - 12:05 Oral Presentaton Shingo Numata (28) Migration rate of combined-flow bedform: an analogue experiment *12:05 - 12:15 Oral Presentaton Keisuke Taniguchi (29) 2D numerical simulation on migration and accumulation of snow bedforms *12:15 - 12:25 Oral Presentaton Hajime Naruse [[(30) Experimental study of bedforms formed by supercritical density currents]] *12:25 - 13:25 Lunch *13:25 - 15:25 Poster Presentation *15:25 - 15:40 Break *15:40 - 17:10 General Discussion *17:10 - 17:30 Closing 5e0fb997709d6c209a29ca94344a7c139b301700 17 2013-08-28T22:53:10Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "== Day 1 (Aug. 28) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Astrid Blom (0) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Ralei..." wikitext text/x-wiki == Day 1 (Aug. 28) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Astrid Blom (0) Stratigraphy formed by river dunes and Gilbert deltas *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Raleigh L. Martin (1) Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed *10:10 - 10:20 Oral Presentation Kealie Goodwin (2) Armor Development from Decapitated Flash Flood Bores in Supply-Limited Flume Experiments *10:20 - 10:30 Oral Presentation Gary Parker (3) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CONNECTIVITY IN MEANDERING RIVERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STRATIGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF BURIED CHANNELS *10:30 - 10:40 Oral Presentation Tomoyuki Sato (4) Oblique shoreline progradation during the Quaternary regressive stage: case study from Yufutsu Plain, Hokkaido, Northern Japan *10:40 - 10:55 Break *10:55 - 11:05 Oral Presentation Hideki Miura (5) Holocene Beach landform and sedimentary structure affected by glacial-isostatic rebound in East Antarctic *11:05 - 11:15 Oral Presentation Minao Sakurai (6)Structure and development of the Holocene sandy gravel spit in the Osaka Plain *11:15 - 11:25 Oral Presentation Vittorio Maselli (7) SEA LEVEL AND SEDIMENT SUPPLY FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE BÖLLING-ALLERØD TO YOUNGER DRYAS TRANSITION REVEALED BY A 2D NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE CENTRAL ADRIATIC TRANSGRESSIVE RECORD *11:25 - 11:35 Oral Presentation Yuka Miyake (8) Depositional facies containing vertebrate fossils in the Upper Cretaceous Himenoura Group on the Koshikijima Islands, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan *11:35 - 11:45 Oral Presentation Brandon McElroy (9) Determining Fluvial Flow Conditions from Bed Set Geometry *11:45 - 12:45 Lunch *12:45 - 14:45 Poster Presentation *14:45 - 15:00 Break *15:00 - 17:00 Experiments/Group Discussion *18:00 - 21:00 Welcome Reception == Day 2 (Aug. 29th) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Michael Lamb What sets the size of river deltas *9:45 - 10:00 Break *10:00 - 10:10 Oral Presentation Shafi Noor Islam (10) The Development and Changes of Coastal Landscape Morphology of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Mega Delta in Bangladesh *10:10 - 10:20 Oral Presentation Nobuhide Nishikawa (11) Response of deltas to differential water depths in the transverse direction: Tank experiments with bimodal grain-size sediment *10:20 - 10:30 Oral Presentation Anastasia Piliouras (12) Effects of vegetation on delta morphodynamics and sediment transport *10:30 - 10:40 Oral Presentation Haruka Kuse (13) Experiments of the formation of tidal channels *10:40 - 10:50 Oral Presentation Shinji Sassa (14) A new principle on morphodynamic stability and its application to shallow sea reclamation project *10:50 - 11:00 Oral Presentation Naofumi Yamaguchi (15) Autogenic submarine terrace formed by wave erosion during early stage of sea-level rise: implication from numerical experiments *11:00 - 11:15 Break *11:15 - 11:25 Oral Presentation Wonsuck Kim (16) Coevolution of minibasin subsidence and sedimentation: Experiments *11:25 - 11:35 Oral Presentation Kazuno Arai (17) Dynamics of the turbidity current generated by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami *11:35 - 11:45 Oral Presentation Kiichiro Kawamura (18) Submarine landslides and tsunamis *11:45 - 11:55 Oral Presentation Leslie Hsu (19) Interaction of granular flows and their boundaries: basal forces, particle kinematics, and bed erosion measured in a large vertically rotating drum flume *11:55 - 12:05 Oral Presentation Go-ichiro Uramoto (20) An improved sample preparation method for imaging microstructures of fine-grained marine sediment using microfocus X-ray CT and SEM *12:05 - 12:15 Oral Presentation Takuya Ishimaru (21) Analysis of grain fabric in turbidite sandstone using electron backscatter diffraction in the SEM *12:15 - 12:25 Oral Presentation Clara Orrú (22) Measuring laboratory stratigraphy through image analysis *12:25 - 13:25 Lunch *13:25 - 15:25 Poster Presentation *15:25 - 15:40 Break *15:40 - 17:40 Experiments/Group Discussion == Day 3 (Aug. 30th) == *9:00 - 9:45 Review Talk Miwa Yokokawa To be announced *9:45 - 10:30 Review Talk Norihiro Izumi To be announced *10:30 - 10:50 Break *10:50 - 11:00 Oral Presentaton Albert Kettner (23) Advances in simulating fluvial sediment transport at basin-scale *11:00 - 11:10 Oral Presentation Takashi Matsushima (24) Simulation of long-term erosion-sedimentation process using particle method *11:10 - 11:20 Oral Presentaton Hirofumi Niiya (25) Morphodynamics of dunes under unidirectional wind *11:20 - 11:30 Oral Presentaton Kensuke Naito (26)THE FORMATION OF BOUNDARY WAVES ON THE ICE SURFACE BY TURBULENT FLOW *11:30 - 11:45 Break *11:45 - 11:55 Oral Presentaton Tomohiro Sekiguchi (27) Bedforms under polydirectional flow: a preliminary experiment using pure oscillatory flow *11:55 - 12:05 Oral Presentaton Shingo Numata (28) Migration rate of combined-flow bedform: an analogue experiment *12:05 - 12:15 Oral Presentaton Keisuke Taniguchi (29) 2D numerical simulation on migration and accumulation of snow bedforms *12:15 - 12:25 Oral Presentaton Hajime Naruse (30) Experimental study of bedforms formed by supercritical density currents *12:25 - 13:25 Lunch *13:25 - 15:25 Poster Presentation *15:25 - 15:40 Break *15:40 - 17:10 General Discussion *17:10 - 17:30 Closing d4f1d7714467ae938830d292a1dc50d90d0d4c06 4 42 83 2013-08-30T01:24:30Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with "The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the..." wikitext text/x-wiki The international workshop “Stratodynamics” aims to develop a new research framework for understanding sedimentary processes, geomorphology and genetic stratigraphy on the basis of morphodynamics of earth surface processes. The topics in the workshop will include experimental and theoretical studies of bedforms, geomorphological processes and the genetic stratigraphy. We also welcome researches based on field measurement, computational modeling and coupled interdisciplinary works. Basic concepts, new methodologies and future research targets will be discussed. Small-group discussions and community experiments are included in the workshop program. 0d1d375072fc1653da26009e4ae65d63e94dee83 4 58 129 2013-12-22T14:38:28Z Strato 2 Created page with " == '''Talk slides:''' == [[File: StratodynamicsWS2013Yokokawa4.pdf]]" wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Talk slides:''' == [[File: StratodynamicsWS2013Yokokawa4.pdf]] 5643992618f3b4627b522950a355cb7b24c958e7 6 50 106 2013-08-30T06:46:05Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 53 113 2013-09-05T08:54:20Z Strato 2 Slides presentation Astrid Blom wikitext text/x-wiki Slides presentation Astrid Blom a2df420e7338c6ecf3c3a9b06d6fdc92db62692d 6 49 102 2013-08-30T06:42:52Z Strato 2 Research poster from Raleigh L. Martin for the Stratodynamics Workshop. Presentation title: "Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed" wikitext text/x-wiki Research poster from Raleigh L. Martin for the Stratodynamics Workshop. Presentation title: "Tracer waiting times and the steady-state evolution of a granular bed" f5de906975574d28526bd93b5b2f697251dace75 6 56 128 123 2013-10-07T10:09:25Z Strato 2 Blanked the page wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 123 122 2013-10-07T09:46:30Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File: BedformReview.pdf]] cc9cbfa414b870bfa39e97aa067d1f9d0a80b8ce 122 2013-10-07T09:36:18Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 51 108 2013-08-31T01:17:38Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 55 119 2013-09-19T18:07:52Z Strato 2 Poster presented by Kealie Goodwin at the StratoDynamics workshop in Nagasaki, Japan, August 28th, 2013 wikitext text/x-wiki Poster presented by Kealie Goodwin at the StratoDynamics workshop in Nagasaki, Japan, August 28th, 2013 c52c28b6560c9f3f769bb87e400cb05d36f8553b 6 45 91 2013-08-30T02:33:48Z Strato 2 What sets the size of river deltas? Michael Lamb, Caltech wikitext text/x-wiki What sets the size of river deltas? Michael Lamb, Caltech d5b2280816f384c987c1ff0a0b6abbc3c5379e25 6 43 87 2013-08-30T02:30:13Z Strato 2 What sets the size of river deltas? Michael Lamb, Caltech wikitext text/x-wiki What sets the size of river deltas? Michael Lamb, Caltech d5b2280816f384c987c1ff0a0b6abbc3c5379e25 6 37 69 2013-08-29T03:23:08Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 47 98 2013-08-30T03:02:53Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 48 99 2013-08-30T06:38:40Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 39 77 2013-08-30T00:55:33Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 40 78 2013-08-30T00:56:25Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 41 79 2013-08-30T00:57:16Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 52 111 2013-09-04T10:21:23Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 36 66 2013-08-29T03:09:04Z Narusehajime 1 Experimental flume wikitext text/x-wiki Experimental flume 331b53b651c7cf96220852e688d0bb2eb242ac0b 6 59 130 2013-12-22T14:39:34Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 6 38 71 2013-08-30T00:37:49Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 8 3 31 28 2013-08-29T01:47:52Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki * navigation ** mainpage|mainpage-description ** Workshop Schedule|Workshop Schedule ** Review Talks|Review Talks ** Presentations|Presentations ** recentchanges-url|recentchanges ** helppage|help * SEARCH * TOOLBOX * LANGUAGES 87bdfd717d3dfedcc242142a1910052919464140 28 18 2013-08-29T01:26:28Z Narusehajime 1 wikitext text/x-wiki * navigation ** mainpage|mainpage-description ** Workshop Schedule|Workshop Schedule ** Review Talks|Review Talks ** recentchanges-url|recentchanges ** helppage|help * SEARCH * TOOLBOX * LANGUAGES 21b014c2a2eb9ba1405c759f9e966cb3591ee54f 18 2013-08-28T23:11:56Z Narusehajime 1 Created page with " * navigation ** mainpage|mainpage-description ** Workshop Schedule|Workshop Schedule ** portal-url|portal ** currentevents-url|currentevents ** recentchanges-url|recentchange..." wikitext text/x-wiki * navigation ** mainpage|mainpage-description ** Workshop Schedule|Workshop Schedule ** portal-url|portal ** currentevents-url|currentevents ** recentchanges-url|recentchanges ** helppage|help * SEARCH * TOOLBOX * LANGUAGES 06943c7973068f75978b8dd3c8a28776666f696c 12 44 118 96 2013-09-06T01:33:42Z Strato 2 wikitext text/x-wiki == How to upload your presentation == # Log into this site ## Click upper right link "LOG IN" located in the upper right of the page # Upload your file ## Click the link "Upload file" located in lower left of side bar (File format can be "PDF", "Powerpoint" or images such as JPG) ## Maximum size of file is 20 M. # Make a link in your presentation page ## Open your presentation page ## Click the link "Edit this page" located in the lower part of the page ## Edit your page to add the link <nowiki>[[File: XXXX.pdf]]</nowiki> in text (If your file is an image file, the image will appear directly in your page) ## Click the button "Save page" located in the lower part of the page == How to upload your video file == # Upload your video file on YouTube (or other video streaming services) # Log into this site # Embed a link in your presentation page ## Open your presentation page ## Click the link "Edit this page" located in the lower part of the page ## Edit your page to add the link <nowiki>{{#ev:youtube|id}}</nowiki> in text ("id" is a video id tag such as "k6hoUavDEK8") ## Click the button "Save page" located in the lower part of the page where: <nowiki> {{#ev:service|id}} </nowiki> <nowiki> {{#ev:service|id|width}} </nowiki> <nowiki> {{#ev:service|id|width|align}} </nowiki> <nowiki> {{#ev:service|id|width|align|desc}} </nowiki> <nowiki> {{#evp:service|id|desc}} </nowiki> <nowiki> {{#evp:service|id|desc|align}} </nowiki> <nowiki> {{#evp:service|id|desc|align|width}} </nowiki> Where: *service is the name of a video sharing service (See "service name" in the list below) *id is the id of the video to include *width (optional) is the width in pixels of the viewing area (height will be determined automatically) *align (optional) is an alignment (float) attribute. 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